Historical differences in equity securities, Financial Management

Assignment Help:

Public Bourses

The origin of this type of bourses can be found in the legislative work of Napoleon. These type of bourses are regulated by the government, brokers are appointed by the government and they command a complete monopoly over all the settlements. Brokerage firms are private and new brokers are proposed to the state for nomination by the brokers' association. Earlier stock exchanges in Belgium, France, Spain, Italy, Greece and some Latin American countries were run by their respective governments. Before deregulation, the Paris bourses were also of this type. Commissions and other relevant matters were decided by the government. The main beneficiaries of this system are brokers because they command complete monopoly as their number is fixed. Even for a private deal arranged by two banks, the transactions had to legally go through the brokers. Deregulation affects this kind of bourses, because brokers tend to lose their monopoly.

Private Bourses

Private Stock Exchanges are originally founded by the independent members for the purpose of stock trading. Several private stock exchanges can exist and operate within a country; for example, functioning of several stock exchanges in the US, Japan and Canada. However, in some countries like the UK, one prominent stock exchange dominates the other small stock exchanges. Although these bourses are private, they are not free of government regulation. A mix of self-regulation and government supervision is required to make all these exchanges Self-Regulatory Organizations (SROs). In private exchanges, members are supposed to perform all the work on the floor of the exchange and commissions are usually fixed in accordance with the agreement between stock exchanges and the public authority. Private bourses are active in Canada, Australia, South Africa and Japan.

Bankers' Bourses

In some countries, only banks are permitted to trade in stocks. For example, in Germany, the Banking Act allows only banks to function as brokerage firms and so they enjoy a complete monopoly. Bankers' bourses are found in some other countries like Austria, Switzerland and the Netherlands. These type of bourses can be private or semi-public entities. Their main function is to provide a convenient place for banks to interact. Many regional bankers' bourses are directly linked to the local Chambers of Commerce. Bankers can trade directly without any involvement of official bourses but regulation is applied to both - the bourses and the attached bank.

 


Related Discussions:- Historical differences in equity securities

Calculate debt or equity ratio, Calculate Debt or Equity Ratio XYZ LI...

Calculate Debt or Equity Ratio XYZ LIMITED Key data related to XYZ for last three years is as follows:   2011/12 2010/12

Benefits of the proposed policy change, Q. Benefits of the proposed policy ...

Q. Benefits of the proposed policy change? Short-term sources of debt finance comprise overdrafts and short-term loans. An overdraft offers elasticity but since it is technical

Difference euronote market and euro medium term note market, What is the di...

What is the difference between the Euronote market, the Euro-medium-term-note market, and the Eurocommercial paper market? Answer:  Euronotes are short-term notes guarantees by

Business, Ken started college at the age of 18 with $63,450 already saved, ...

Ken started college at the age of 18 with $63,450 already saved, because 18 years ago his saving account 7.25 per year.

Risk of the complete portfolio, (a) Presume we have a portfolio of n name...

(a) Presume we have a portfolio of n names with some default correlation ρ . The risk of the complete portfolio moves according to the change in default correlation. Alternative

What is the meaning of deviations, What is the meaning of Deviations De...

What is the meaning of Deviations Deviations must be recorded and investigated regardless of the amount involved and then assess whether deviations are isolated departures or i

Auction technique, Auction Technique Auction is the most common method ...

Auction Technique Auction is the most common method to sell Government Securities. Other methods include tap sales, syndication and book building process. Presently many countr

Illustrate earning yield method, Q. Illustrate Earning Yield Method? Ea...

Q. Illustrate Earning Yield Method? Earning Yield Method: - As per this method, cost of equity capital is calculated by establishing a relationship between earning per share an

Homework, Assume Main Street Store’s Net Sales in 2010 were $1,000,000 and ...

Assume Main Street Store’s Net Sales in 2010 were $1,000,000 and it’s Net Income in 2010 was $17,000. Thus, between 2010 and 2011 Main Street Store’s net sales increased 20%. Durin

Performance of mutual funds, Performance of Mutual Funds The performanc...

Performance of Mutual Funds The performance of Mutual Funds can be evaluated by calculating the rate of return earned during the relevant comparison period. The return will inc

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd