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Hardware failure: Hardware failures are the failures when some disk or hardware chip fails. This may result in loss of data. One such trouble can be that a disk gets damaged and cannot be read any more. This may be because of many reasons. For instance, a voltage fluctuation in the power supply to the computer makes it go off or some bad sectors may arrive on disk or there is a disk crash.
In all these situations, the database gets into an inconsistent state.
Discuss how the one-to-one associations have to be implemented. Some of properties of associations can be implemented directly by providing suitable declarations of the data me
State the Design of Associations Before designing associations, it is essential to know the way they are used. For this, analysis of association traversals is required. It is
Define a property that is not a property of transactions? Ans: Concurrency is not a property of transactions
Related fields in a database are grouped in which form? Related data fields in a database are grouped to form a data record. (A record is a collection of related fields)
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What is DDL? Make a list of commands with short description used in DDL Ans: Data Definition Language that is abbreviated as DDL is a computer language for defining data struct
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Question 1 What do you mean by database management system? Question 2 Write a note on Object-Oriented Model Question 3 Explain Sequential File Organization Question
Define what Immediate database modification technique uses? Ans: Both undo and redo.
What is meant by heuristic optimisation? Discuss the main heuristics that are applied during query optimisation. Ans: In heuristic optimization, heuristics are employed to r
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