Hardware failure-database recovery and security, Database Management System

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Hardware failure: Hardware failures are the failures when some disk or hardware chip fails. This may result in loss of data. One such trouble can be that a disk gets damaged and cannot be read any more. This may be because of many reasons. For instance, a voltage fluctuation in the power supply to the computer makes it go off or some bad sectors may arrive on disk or there is a disk crash.

In all these situations, the database gets into an inconsistent state.

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