Gutta percha removal:

Poorly condensed GP or single cone technique,

-    Hedstrom hand files.
-    Barded broaches.

The well condenced GP:
-    Rotary files;
-    Ultrasonic instruments.
-    Heat softened methods.
-    Hand files with heat or chemicals.
-    Paper points with chemicals.

Combination of methods is generally required: this provides safe, efficient, and potentially complete elimination of gutta-percha and sealer from the internal anatomy of the root canal system.