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The dynamic memory allocator is a layer between the application and the OS, managing heap objects. When a program requests memory from the allocator (via malloc(), for instance), the allocator will return a pointer (or reference) to a piece of memory of the appropriate size. When the program is done with the memory, the memory should be released back to the allocator. Languages such as C and C++ leave this job to the programmer to perform manually, for example by using free(). On the other hand, languages such as Java, python, etc automatically manage dynamically-allocated memory, which makes the programmer's life easier, and can eliminate entire classes of memory management bugs.
Although using free() and delete is relatively simple, it can be tricky to get them right. A signi?cant fraction of bugs in C and C++ programs are related to manual memory management. If we forget to free objects, we end up with memory leaks; if we free memory too soon, we end up with "dangling pointers"; also, we can try to do weird things, like performing double frees, etc. Therefore, a process that manages memory automatically is clearly useful. The most important concept for correctly implementing a garbage collector is that of live objects: a live object is any object that can still be reached through one (or more) pointers.
Q. Give an instance of an application in which data in a file should be accessed in the following order: a. Sequentially b. Randomly Answer: a. Print the content of
Evicting the most-recently used (MRU) page does very well on LRU's worst case. In general, however, MRU is a bad idea, since many programs exhibit temporal locality in their memory
List two types of system directories A) Device directory:- Describing physical properties of files. B) File directory :- Giving logical properties of the files.
System Service Program system service program Supports and provides the services for other program. System service program perform Varity of tasks. They are further divided in
How does user specify block to be fetched in direct access? By specifying the relative block number, relative to first block in file, which is block 0.
What is single and multithreading and thread pool?
explain about design issues of network operating system
Define what a macro definition consists of
Hierarchical paging Single way is to use a two-level paging algorithm, in which the page table itself is also paged. A logical address is separated into a page number and a pag
Q. Consider a distributed system with two sites A and B. Consider whether site A can distinguish among the following: a. B goes down. b. The link between A and B goes down.
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