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The dynamic memory allocator is a layer between the application and the OS, managing heap objects. When a program requests memory from the allocator (via malloc(), for instance), the allocator will return a pointer (or reference) to a piece of memory of the appropriate size. When the program is done with the memory, the memory should be released back to the allocator. Languages such as C and C++ leave this job to the programmer to perform manually, for example by using free(). On the other hand, languages such as Java, python, etc automatically manage dynamically-allocated memory, which makes the programmer's life easier, and can eliminate entire classes of memory management bugs.
Although using free() and delete is relatively simple, it can be tricky to get them right. A signi?cant fraction of bugs in C and C++ programs are related to manual memory management. If we forget to free objects, we end up with memory leaks; if we free memory too soon, we end up with "dangling pointers"; also, we can try to do weird things, like performing double frees, etc. Therefore, a process that manages memory automatically is clearly useful. The most important concept for correctly implementing a garbage collector is that of live objects: a live object is any object that can still be reached through one (or more) pointers.
What is reference string We evaluate an algorithm by running it on a definite string of memory reference and computing the number of page faults. The string of memory reference
what is a batch system give me answer in simple words so that i can understand
Define approaches that require knowledge of the system state? Answer: Deadlock detection, Deadlock prevention, Deadlock Avoidance.
How could we implement locks? No matter how we choose to implement them, we must have some hardware support. One possibility for implementing locks on a uniprocessor machine is is
examples of classification of models
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What are the advantages of multi threading? Multithreading a code can have several advantages. Improve application responsiveness --Any program in which var
Explain the Per Thread Scoping Thread-level programming introduces new twists for application-level variable scoping. Threads are commonly used in one of two ways. To ex
Define Coding in an independent service architecture Coding in an independent service architecture alleviates many of the traditional dependencies of monolithic applications.
USER-LEVEL THREADS (ULT) In this level the kernel isn't aware of the existence of threads -- All thread management is complete by the application by using a thread library. Th
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