Functions of lysosomes, Biology

Assignment Help:

FUNCTIONS

(1)      Intracellular digestion - Individual cells may obtain food through phagocytosis. The same is digested with the help of lysosomes. It is of two types:-

(a) Heterophagy - Digestion of foreign materials received in cell by phagocytosis and pinocytosis. Secondary lysosome performs as the intra cellular lysosomes.

(b) Autophagy - Digestion of old or worn out cell organelles. Autophagy also takes place during starvation of cell.

Ambilysosomes - Lysosomes which perform both heterophagy and autophagy.

(2)      Extracellular digestion -

Lysosomes of osteoclast (bone eating cells) dissolve unwanted part of bones. Extracellular digestion by lysosomes also occur in fungi.

(3)      Crinophagy -

Conversion of complex and inactive hormones into simple and active hormone through lysosome is called crinophagy. In endocrine gland the excessive secretory granules of hormones are digested by lysosomes. Release of thyroxine hormone from thyroglobulin stored in thyroid follicles is carried out by Lysosomal proteases.

Thyroglobulin                    →              Thyroxine

(complex  + inactive)    Lysosomes     (simple + active)

(4)      Cellular digestion (Autolysis) - Digestion of whole cell through lysosomal enzymes. Sometimes all lysosomes of a cell burst to dissolve the cell completely. Old cells are removed by autolysis, unwanted organs of embryo are destroyed by autolysis, Cathepsin of lysosome digests the tail of tadpole during metamorphosis, and untimely rupture of lysosome sometimes causes mutation.  (DNAase of Lysosome alter structure of DNA)


Related Discussions:- Functions of lysosomes

Briefly describe about the hypokalemia, Briefly Describe about the hypokale...

Briefly Describe about the hypokalemia? Hyperkalemia occurs when serum K levels are greater than 5 1n ML. High plasma K results in cardiac arrhythmias. A K level of 8.0 m MIL c

Define the maintenance of weight loss, Define the Maintenance of Weight Los...

Define the Maintenance of Weight Loss? Once an individual has managed to lose weight to a desirable level, it must not be assumed that the weight loss will be maintained automa

Target tissues and organs of each adenohypophyseal hormone, Q. What are the...

Q. What are the target tissues and target organs of each adenohypophyseal hormone? GH- bones, muscles and cartilages, Prolactin- mammary glands, ACTH- the cortical portion of t

Solar energy input, Solar Energy Input We know that the spectral distri...

Solar Energy Input We know that the spectral distribution and the intensity of solar radiation incident on the earth's surface are known. Of the enormous'amount of energy that

What are the major gas exchange organs of the plants, What are the major ga...

What are the major gas exchange organs of the plants? How is the procedure accomplished? In covering of the leaves and of the primary structure of the stem gas exchange is made

Use of nitrates and nitrites in microorganisms, Q. Explain the Use of nitra...

Q. Explain the Use of nitrates and nitrites in microorganisms? The use of nitrates and nitrites has been widely used in the curing of meat. The reduction of nitrates by bacteri

Observation of bumpus, An interesting observation made by an American biolo...

An interesting observation made by an American biologist H.C. Bumpus (1899) provides a good explanation for normalising selection. Bumpus collected some 136 injured house sparrows

Proteins made by the same total number of amino acid, Are there different p...

Are there different proteins made by the same total number of amino acids? Different proteins with the similar total number of amino acids may exist. In such cases the separati

Explain behavioural counseling, Behavioural Counseling This evolved fro...

Behavioural Counseling This evolved froni tlie early theories  of  behaviourism.  The focus is on examining current behaviours and learning new ones.  It is believed that feeli

How is the human karyotype usually represented, Can two normal individuals ...

Can two normal individuals of the same species with sexual reproduction have identical genomes and identical karyotypes? How is the human karyotype usually represented? Except

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd