Functions and stack frame, C/C++ Programming

Assignment Help:

Each function has its own stack frame between %fp and %sp. Let Caller calls Callee. Then Caller's %sp becomes callee's %fp, and callee's %sp set to be a new value (a smaller one because stack grows from large address to small address). You can think that Callee's stack frame is on top of Caller's stack frame.

In Caller: put arguments in %o0 to %o5 registers or if number of arguments more than 6, prepare values in call linkage of the current stack frame. Then "call" address_of_callee; %o7 stored the returned address. (This %o7 will becomes %i7 in callee after the callee executes save instruction.)

In Callee: it executes "save" instruction:

  • 0. Caller's %i (input registers) and %l (local registers) are reserved in its own stack frame. They are put in the top portion of the caller's stack frame. Implication: the return address of Caller (NOT CALLEE), %i7, is stored there.
  • 1. set callee's %i (input registers) by callers %o (output registers). The implication: pass parameters and return address now is in %i7. And now callee's fp (%i6) <-- caller's sp (%o6).
  • 2. Allocate space for new frame pointers. Caller's sp (%o6) is now set to be the new value.

So at this point in callee, %i6 (%fp was caller's %o6) is set, and %o6 (%sp is set to be a new value). Question: where is the old %fp? It is stored somewhere in the top portion of the previous stack frame (see step 0.) The return address of Callee is stored in %i7. Is it possible to write a program to overflow this %i7? What return address that you really can overflow? Question: how to access that return address.

The "restore" instruction is the inverse function of save. Then the "ret" instruction should branch to %i7+8. The normal address should be %i7+4 as the next instruction address after call. The extra 4 is because sparc has a "branch delay" instruction that is executed BEFORE the call is made even it is put just after CALL. Is it strange. Not really. This is because modern CPU is a pipeline machine. It loads instruction every clock cycle, and branch (or jump or call) somewhat cannot be really done until the later stage the pipeline. And then it is already too late because the one JUST after this branch has already been executed. If you want to know more, you should take a look at computer architecture textbook which I think every graduate should know.

You should be very clear what return address in server.c is overflowed? Is it the return address of main() or the return address of copy()?


Related Discussions:- Functions and stack frame

Pos console cpp unit testing, Pos Console CPP Unit Testing Project Descr...

Pos Console CPP Unit Testing Project Description: Do the CPPUnit Testing for the project. Have all the functions done. Skills required are Android, C Programming, C++ Prog

If one won''t explicitly call the destructor of a local then , if one won't...

if one won't explicitly call the destructor of a local; then how does he handle the above situation?

Assignment, write a function rise to the power to find the exponent of a nu...

write a function rise to the power to find the exponent of a number whether function is called

2, how to do 2, 4, 8 associativity

how to do 2, 4, 8 associativity

Mathematics, C Coding to find the area under the curve y = f(x) between x =...

C Coding to find the area under the curve y = f(x) between x = a and x = b, integrate y = f(x) between the limits of a and b. The area under a curve between two points can be found

Functions and stack frame, Each function has its own stack frame between %f...

Each function has its own stack frame between %fp and %sp. Let Caller calls Callee. Then Caller's %sp becomes callee's %fp, and callee's %sp set to be a new value (a smaller one be

Main-elipse -vector-arrays in cpp , Unlike C++, other programming languages...

Unlike C++, other programming languages have associative arrays that allow array indices to be strings instead of just integers. You are to create a template class, SVector, that i

I need keylogger extension on chrome, Project Description: I want someon...

Project Description: I want someone to create and install a keylogger on a chrome browser. This could be a relatively simple job, please have experience with this type of work.

C++ project, project on business management

project on business management

Sorted linked list , Node *orderedInsert(Node *p, int newval); /* Allocates...

Node *orderedInsert(Node *p, int newval); /* Allocates a new Node with data value newval and inserts into the ordered list with first node pointer p in such a way that the data va

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd