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Evolution of Horse -
Credit to Prof. C. Marsh (1879) of Yale University for complete work.
S.No
Fossil/Genus
Period
Character
1
Hyrocotherium or Eohippus/Dawn Horse
(40 cm)
N. America
Eocene
60 million years
Fox/small dog size short head and neck, molars were short
The forefeet were with four complete fingers (2, 3, 4 and 5)
and one splint of first fingers and hindlimbs with three functional toes (2, 3, and 4) and 1 and 5 toes are splint.
2
Mesohippus
(60 cm)
Oligocene
40 million years
Modem sheep size, forelimbs had three fingers and one splint of fifth finger and hindlimbs possessed three toes, but
the middle one was longer.
3
Merychippus / (Miohippus)
Ruminating horse
(100 em)
Miocene
25 million years
Size of ass, longer neck, the middle finger and toe being longer then others and supported entire body length.
4
Pliohippus / Toes horse (120 cm)
Pliocene
10 million years
Size slightly large than ass, Each fore and hindlimbs had one complete finger and toe and two splints hidden beneath
skin.
5
Equus
Modem horse
(150 cm)
Pleistocene
1 million years
Long head and neck, each fore and hind limbs has one finger and one toe and two splints.
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