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Format for COBOL Programs:
The COBOL is a high-level language. Therefore, a COBOL program can be executed on a computer for which a COBOL compiler exists. The compiler translates the COBOL source program into the machine language object program. The object program is really executed.
The COBOL programs are written in the coding sheets. There are 80 columns in a line of a coding sheet. The page number is coded in the columns 1-3 and the line numbers are coded in columns 4-6. The page and line numbers mutually termed as the sequence number. Based on the type, the entries are coded both from the column 8 or column 12 and in both cases it can be continued up to column 72. The Columns 73-80 can be used to write some identification. The compiler ignores anything which is given in columns 73-80 except when a printed copy of the program is given by the compiler in that case the entries in columns 73-80 are also listed. The use of sequence number is optional and can be omitted. Though, when sequence numbers are given they must appear in the ascending order.
Column Field
1-3 Page Number
4-6 Line Number (1-6 Sequence Number)
7 Continuation / Comment
8-11 A - Margin / Area A
12-72 B- Margin /Area B
73-80 Identification
IF ... ELSE STATEMENT: We are familiar with an easy form of the IF statement. The common form of the IF statement is as shown below: Each of the statement-1 and statem
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
DISPLAY STATEMENT: The function of the DISPLAY statement is just opposite to that of the ACCEPT statement. It is used to display the low-volume results on the operator's co
ARITHMETIC VERBS: Most of the problems need some computations to be performed on the input or intermediate data that are numeric in nature. The Arithmetic verbs are used to pe
Environment Division: The Environment Division is the second division in the COBOL source program. It is mainly machine-dependent . The computer and all the peripheral dev
PERFORM WITH VARYING OPTION: The format is as shown below:
Illustration of the abbreviation: A few illustration of the abbreviation are given below: Illustration: The compound condition AMOUNT GREATER THAN 499 AND AMOUNT L
INDEXED TABLES: The OCCURS clause that is used to define tables can optionally have an INDEXED phrase. This phrase involves the names of data items which are to be used as sub
PICTURE specification: The size of a group item is equivalent to the total of the sizes of all the subordinate elementary items. The group item class is alphanumeric. The i
NESTED IF STATEMENT: The then and else statement of an IF statement can hold other IF statements. The involved IF statements in their turn may also hold other IF statements
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