Foot-rot, Biology

Assignment Help:

Foot-rot

Foot-rot is a term applied to the condition of feet of cattle, sheep, goats and sometimes pigs. It is characterized by inflammation, necrosis and ulceration of underlying tissues of foot. The disease is widespread in many tropical countries with highest incidence in sheep. The disease is related to climatic conditions. High temperature and humidity favour the disease. Foot rot in cattle and sheep is caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum complicated by Dichelobacter nodosus, especially in sheep.


Transmission:
Animals in chronic state transmit infection directly to healthy animals. The sheep can remain as carrier for 3-4 years. Conditions of wetness and warmth favour the persistence of bacteria in the pasture. Infected cattle may often serve as the source of infection.


Symptoms:
The earliest sign of foot-rot is swelling and moistness of skin of inter  digital cleft. This is accompanied by lameness which increases as necrosis under-runs the horn in cleft. The animal may carry the leg or walk on its knees. In severe cases, there may be anorexia and fever. Symptom less carriers may be present for a period up to 3 years.A history of lameness in a flock is suggestive of foot-rot. This can be confirmed from clinical examination of typical lesions and microscopical examination of smears from the lesions after staining with Gram’s strain or Loeffler’s methylene blue. The organisms appear pink coloured short rods.


Diagnosis: It is difficult to diagnose foot-rot. Identification of Gram-negative bacilli is sufficient to diagnose the disease.


Treatment and control: wet pastures should be properly drained. The affected hooves of the diseased animals should be trimmed. The exposed infected tissue should be treated with 10% formalin or with chloramphenicol or tetracycline. The parenteral treatment with a mixture of penicillin and streptomycin is of value.


Related Discussions:- Foot-rot

Determine the enzymes utilization in baking industry, Enzymes utilization i...

Enzymes utilization in Baking Industry In the baking of bread, the preliminary process involves the mixing of wheat flour (mainly starch and proteins) with yeast and water. Sta

How dissimilar are walls of these two types of blood vessel, Are the arteri...

Are the arteries or the veins constituted of more muscle tissue? How dissimilar are the walls of these two types of blood vessels? The arterial system has thicker muscle walls

Agro industrial-phenolic compounds, Phenolic compounds Gossypol: Gos...

Phenolic compounds Gossypol: Gossypol is a toxic compound found in the cotton plant. It is concentrated in the cottonseed but can also be found in other parts of the cotton

Describe ts murmur and their characterstic, Describe TS Murmur and their ch...

Describe TS Murmur and their characterstic ? Characteristic: It is a rumbling, and diastolic murmur heard at left lower sterna border that increases with inspiration. An OS may

How do respiratory pigments act, How do respiratory pigments act? Respi...

How do respiratory pigments act? Respiratory pigments are oxygen-carrying molecules present in the blood. When the oxygen concentration is high, for instance, in the pulmonary

Explain benefits of protein, Explain benefits of Protein Protein: Once ...

Explain benefits of Protein Protein: Once the energy requirements have  been estimated, protein requirements can be addressed. The aim is to achieve nitrogen balance. There are

Identical chromatids bound, Q. What is the structure that to maintains iden...

Q. What is the structure that to maintains identical chromatids bound? The structure that to maintains identical chromatids bound is the centromere.

Others factors affecting occupational health, Others Factors Affecting Occu...

Others Factors Affecting Occupational Health The list of factors which affect the occupational health and that need standard organising, scrutiny, inspection, surveillance and

How inhibition might contribute to tumour formation, We now understand that...

We now understand that mutations that cause the inhibition of apoptosis are found in tumours. Because proliferation itself is not induced by the inhibition of apoptosis, explain ho

What is the typical localization of the tropical forests, What is the typic...

What is the typical localization of the tropical forests regarding latitude? Tropical rain forests, as the Amazon forest and the Congo forest, are typically located in low lati

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd