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Firewalls
Firewalls emerged as a new technology in 1990s but its idea was present near two decades back. Historical context of "Firewall" is quite literal. It was in use to describe a barrier that separates a portion of a building dealing with fire, like a stove or a kitchen, from the rest of the structure. Later firewall found its use in connection with steam engines. It was described as a wall which separates an engine fire from passenger cars. Firewall ideas were greatly matured when Jeff Mogul from Digital Equipment Corporation published his papers in 1988 . His work described various processes that could be used to make networks secure. It was Marcus Ranum of AT&T Bell Laboratories who proposed the design of firewall and its components. He also coined the term "Firewall" for this quickly maturing technology. His work got much attention in 1990 and firewalls gained commercial popularity
Acknowledgment number This 32 bit field defines the byte number that the from the segment is expecting to receive the segment is expecting to receive from the other par
Describe what is meant by Asymmetric Multiprocessing (AMP)? Ans) It imposses hierarchy and a division of labour between processors. Only one designated processor, the master, co
telecommunication processors
What is VRC? It is the most common and least costly mechanism for Error Detection. In VRC, a parity bit is added to each data unit so that the total number of 1s becomes even f
What is the difference between TFTP and FTP application layer protocols? Ans) TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol A stripped down version of FTP, easy to use and fast. TFTP
Linked List A linked list is a data structure composed of zero or extra nodes linked by pointers. Each node consists of two parts, as shown in Figure: info field having specifi
Selective Repeat (SR) Selective repeats is a connection oriented protocols in which transmitter and receiver have a window of sequence numbers. SR scheme avoids the unne
NICs Network interface cards, commonly referred to as NICs are used to connect a PC to a network. The NIC gives a physical connection among the networking medium and the comput
The "ipx delay number" command will permit an administrator to alter the default settings. Explain the default settings? Ans) For LAN interfaces, one tick; for WAN interfaces, s
The LAN switch copies the whole frame into its onboard buffers and then looks up the destination address in its forwarding, or switching, table and verifies the outgoing interface
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