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File Manager
File manager handles the allocation of space on disk storage. It starts and maintains the list of structures and indices described in the internal schema that is used to show information stored on disk. Therefore, the file manager does not directly manage the input of data and physical output. It passes the requests on to the suitable access methods, which either write data or read data from into the system cache or buffer. The file manager can be executed using an interface to the existing file subsystem given by the operating system of the host computer or it can have a file subsystem written especially for the DBMS.
What are the General Transformation Rules for Relational operations? Ans: The transformation rules transform one relational algebra expression to AN EQUIVALENT ONE 1. E
Determine the advantage of object-orientation Finally, object-orientation has advantage of continuity throughout analysis, persistent representation and design implementation.
To eliminate duplicate rows (distinct operator) Example: SELECT DISTINCT DEPTNO FROM EMP;
Short Note on mid Square Method of hashing? Mid square method of hashing: In the method midsquare hashing, the key is squared and the address selected from the center of the s
in an organization several projects are undertaken. Each project can employ one or more employees. Each employee can work on one or more projects. Each project is undertaken on the
The clause in SQL which specifies that the query result should be sorted in ascending or descending order based upon the values of one or much more columns is Ans : Order by
The Update Operations : Update operations are used for altering database values. The constraint violations faced by this operation are logically the similar as the problem faced
Consider the relation PERSON. If you want to display details of persons having age less than or equal to 30 than the select operation will be used as follows: σ AGE The resu
Dependency Preservation It is obvious that the decomposition must be lossless so that we do not lose any information from the relation that is decomposed. Dependency preservati
Isolation or Independence : The isolation property shows that the updates of a transaction should not be visible till they are committed. Isolation assurance that the progresses of
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