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Fermi Dirac level:
Sol. The Fermi level is simply a reference energy level. It is the energy level at which the probability of finding an electron n energy unit above it in the conduction band is equal to the probability of finding a hole n energy units below it in the valence band. Very simply, it can be considered to the average energy level of the electrons, as illustrated in fig. (a). For simplification let us assume that (i) widths of energy bands are small in comparison to forbidden energy gap between them (ii) all levels in a band have the same energy, bandwidths being assumed to be small (iii) energies of all levels in valence band are E0, as shown in fig. (a) and (iv) energies of all levels in conduction band are EG. Let the zero energy reference level be taken arbitrarily at the top of the valence band, as shown in fig. (b). Now number of electrons in conduction band, where P represents the probability of an electron having energy EG. Its value may be determined from Fermi Dirac probability distribution function given as where P (E) is the probability of finding an electron having any particular value of energy E.
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Q. A60-Hz, three-phase transmission line has a total per-phase series impedance of 35+j140 .Ifit delivers 40 MW at 220 kV and 0.9 power factor lagging, find: (a) The voltage, c
Q. Figure shows the mod-8 counter which counts from 010 to 710 before resetting. Explain the operation of the counter and sketch the timing diagram.
i want to know the all the three jfet in present and future use and desing for each component
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The resistance of a wire is 60 ? at 25 o C and 65? at 75 o C. Find the resistance of wire at 0 o C and value of temperature co-efficient at 0 o C. Ans: Given R 25 = 60 ? a
Sectoral Overview and Enabling Framework Previously, you have studied about several Acts and Policies relevant to the power sector, their aims, main features and implications
a. Describe what you understand by 'offset voltage' and 'offset current' of op-amp. Discuss with a neat circuit diagram the method used for minimizing offset voltage and offset cu
DC Load line
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