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FD Entry for variable-length Records:
The RECORDS CONTAINS and BLOCK CONTAINS clause are quite dissimilar in the case of files with variable- length records. The syntax of these two clauses is as shown below:
DELETE STATEMENT : The file should be opened in the I-O mode. If the access is SEQUENTIAL, the INVALID KEY phrase must be specified. Rather than, the last input-output state
START STATEMENT: The START statement places the files to the initial logical record whose record key satisfies the condition specified by the KEY phrase. The access mode shoul
RULES OF RENAMES CLAUSE: The rules below should be observed while using the RENAMES clause: (i) All RENAMES entries should be written only after the last record descript
program
READ STATEMENTS: The common format for the read statements is as shown bellow. Format 1: READ file-name RECORD [ INTO identifier ] [ ; AT END imperative-s
CLASS CONDITION: The class condition establishes whether or not the value of the operand is numeric or alphabetic. The operand is numeric if it contains only the digits 0 t
Data types available in COBOL are given below Alpha-numeric (X), numeric (9), alphabetic (A)
There are some restrictions when these procedures are used. (i) The Procedure should not contain any SORT/MERGE statement. (ii) An explicit transfer of the control outside
Example of If- else statement Illustration: IF QUANTITY IS NUMERIC AND QUANTITY IS POSITIVE MOVE ZERO TO ERROR-CODE. COMPUTE SALES VALUE=QUANTITY*RATE
FILE-CONTROL ENTRIES FOR THE SEQUENTIAL FILES: The characteristics of each and every files handled in a program are specified in the ENVIRONMENT DIVISION and DATA DIVISION.
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