Exstrophy of the bladder, Biology

Assignment Help:

Exstrophy of the Bladder

This is the most common major congenital defect of lower urinary and genital tract. This is found more frequently in males than in females.

Exstrophy of bladder results when an abnormally large cloacal membrane prevents mesodermal growth and lower abdominal midline fusion. When the cloacal membrance ruptures the anterior abdominal wall, pubis, bladder and urethra fail to develop normally. The paired original tissues of the penis or clitoris fail to fuse in the midline.

In complete extrophy the entire bladder to the external urethral meatus is exposed and may be without ventral covering and this may be accompanied with epispadias, undesceded testes or inguinal hernia.

Incidence

It occurs approximately in 40,000 deliveries.

Pathophysiology

It results from failure of the abdominal wall and its under lying structures to fuse in utero. The anterior surface of the bladder lies open on the lower part of abdomen allowing constant passage of urine to out side. Management includes surgical closure of bladder in 48 hours. Complete correction by school age. Also urinary diversion may be done in some cases.


Related Discussions:- Exstrophy of the bladder

Source of cells for regeneration, Source of Cells for Regeneration It...

Source of Cells for Regeneration It had been considered earlier that interstitial cells constitute a reserve of undifferentiated cells that provide the cellular material for

Heat-shock response, Heat-shock Response When growing plantlets or tis...

Heat-shock Response When growing plantlets or tissues of plants are shifted to 42°C and above, the synthesis of normal proteins rapidly declines and instead a set of new prote

Agreed-upon procedures - non-assurance engagements, Agreed-upon Procedures ...

Agreed-upon Procedures - Non-assurance Engagements Within an engagement to present agreed-upon procedures, the auditor is engaged to carry out those procedures of an audit nat

Give detail explanation about swimming, Give detail explanation about Swimm...

Give detail explanation about Swimming Swimming is an excellent form of exercise. Swimming can improve the posture and circulation. It is a healthy activity. There are certain

State the foot examination of a diabetic patient, State the Foot examinatio...

State the Foot examination of a diabetic patient Foot examination of a diabetic patient is very crucial in early detection and proper treatment of foot problems.  In every fol

In what form nitrogenous wastes excreted in birds, In what forms are nitrog...

In what forms are nitrogenous wastes excreted in birds, humans and aquatic turtles respectively ? Why so, describe?

Importance of behaviour change communication, Importance of Behaviour Chang...

Importance of Behaviour Change Communication BCC is an in built part of a diabetes prevention, care and support program. Importance of BCC: · Increase knowledge. BCC can en

Microorganisms on basis of oxygen requirement for growth, Q. Microorganisms...

Q. Microorganisms on basis of oxygen requirement for growth? On basis of oxygen requirement for growth: - Obligate Aerobes: Require oxygen for growth and multiplication e.g

Explain the management of canal impediment, Management of Canal Impediment ...

Management of Canal Impediment a) Impediments are iatrogenic mishaps resulting from vigorous instrument short of the b) Appropriate working length and failure to confirm api

What do you meant by medical writing, Question 1 : What do you meant by ...

Question 1 : What do you meant by medical writing? Show various types of medical writing. Define and explain briefly medical writing Discuss various types of medical w

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd