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Explicitly specifying the join condition - SQL
SELECT *
FROM IS_CALLED JOIN IS_ENROLLED_ON
ON ( IS_CALLED.StudentId = IS_ENROLLED_ON.StudentId )
Now, the key word JOIN in all of the foregoing examples can be harmlessly preceded by the word INNER. SQL also supports what are called "outer joins". The outer join of t1 and t2 contains all the rows of the inner join and possibly some more if either operand has rows which fail to participate in the inner join. Such a row might participate in the outer join, accompanied by NULL for each column of the other operand. The key words LEFT, RIGHT, and FULL, each optionally followed by OUTER, are used to specify whether unmatched rows of the first (left) operand, the second (right) operand, or both operands, respectively, are to appear in the result. Example shows an SQL outer join. A single row for student S5 appears in the result, with NULL in place of a value for CourseId.
EXCEPTION_INIT Pragma The pragma EXCEPTION_INIT relates an exception name with an Oracle error number. Which allow you to refer to any internal exception by the name and to wri
Running the PL/SQL Wrapper To run the PL/SQL Wrapper, go through the wrap command at your operating system prompt by using the syntax as shown: wrap iname=input_file [oname=
Data Types in SQL - XML, Array, Row BINARY LARGE OBJECT for arbitrarily large bit strings. XML for XML documents and fragments. ARRAY types for arrays.
Package Specification The package specifications contain the public declarations. The scopes of these declarations are local to your database representation and global to the
Effects of NULL for UNIQUE Specification When a UNIQUE specification u for base table t includes a column c that is not subject to a NOT NULL constraint, the appearance of sev
Referencing Records Unlike the elements in a collection, that are accessed using subscripts, the fields in a record are accessed by name. To reference an individual field, you
Oracle 11 G new features associated with this release:- Enhanced ILM - Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) has been around for the almost 10 years, but Oracle has made
Manipulating Collections Within PL/SQL, the collections add procedural power and flexibility. The biggest benefit is that your program can compute subscripts to process the spec
Example of UNWRAP Operator - SQL Example here shows how unwrapping can be done in longhand in SQL. Example: Unwrapping in SQL Letting CONTACT_INFO_WRAPPED denote the res
Avoid the NOT NULL Constraint In the PL/SQL, using the NOT NULL constraint incur a performance cost. Consider the illustration as shown below: PROCEDURE calc_m IS m NUMB
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