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Explain what semaphores are, their usage, implementation given to avoid busy waiting and binary semaphores.
Semaphore definition
Usage for mutual exclusion and process synchronization
Implementation to avoid spinlock using block and wakeup
Binary semaphores
define semaphore. how can we use semaphore to deal with n-process critical section problem.
What is a buddy system? We are dividing the memory as powers of two therefore the division will be 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256...i.e. in powers of 2 as well as we are selecti
Q. What system calls have to be implementing by a command interpreter or shell in order to start a new process? Answer: In the UNIX systems a fork system call followed by an ex
Q. Some untimely computers protected the operating system by placing it in a memory partition that couldn't be modified by either the user job or the operating system itself. Expl
What are a safe state and an unsafe state? Answer: A state is safe if the system can allocate resources to every process in some order and still avoid a deadlock. A system is
Question: Concurrency and Synchronization a) Define the following terms: I. Critical section II. Mutual Exclusion III. Deadlock IV. Starvation. b) Name three methods w
What is a Process Control Block? Every process in the operating system is represented by a process control block as well called a task control block. It contains several pieces
What is external fragmentation? As process are removed from and loaded to the memory free memory space is bracken into pieces .external fragmentation take place when enough mem
Q. Why is it significant to balance file system I/O among the disks as well as controllers on a system in a multitasking environment? Answer: A system can perform mere
Q. Show the services which provided by operating system? A) Resource Allocation: If there are more than one user or jobs running at the same instance then resource
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