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Explain Two phase locking protocol
A transaction is consider as to follow the two-phase locking protocol if all locking operations precede the first unlock operation in the transaction. Such type of transaction can be divided into two phases: and expanding or growing (first) phase, throughout which new locks on items can be acquired but none can be released; and a shrinking (second) phase, throughout which existing locks can be released but no new locks can be obtained. This two-phase protocol can make sure the serializability because all the data items needed by a transaction will be locked at the starting of the transaction and if other transaction needs to use those data items then it has to wait till they become unlocked.
User error : This contains errors in the program (e.g., Logical errors) with errors made by online users of database. These types of errors can be avoided by applying some check
Replication : It is definite as a copy of a relation. Every replica is stored at a dissimilar site. The alternative to replication is to store only single copy of a relation which
The Internal or Physical Level The collection of files permanently stored on secondary storage devices is called as the physical database. The internal or physical level is t
distributed quey processing
What is Foreign Key Foreign Key: Sometimes we may have to work with an attribute that does not have a primary key of its own. To recognize its rows, we have to use the primar
There are three main sources of utilities and applications for a DBMS: a. Vendor applications and utilities are given for working with or maintaining the database, and generally
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Write short note on Data models? Data models: A data model is an abstract model which elaborates how data is represented and accessed. The term data model has two commonly ac
The data of a view is not physically stored, but derived from one or more tables. True the data of a view is not physically stored
find a name whose address is erode from student table
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