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Q. Use necessary circuit and waveforms to explain the working of a Bootstrap sweep generator
The bootstrap circuit illustrated in figure given below is a commonly used method for achieving a constant charging current. Here, transistor Q1 acts as a switch and Q2 as an emitter follower which is connected across capacitor C. Therefore, the output voltage V0 will be approximately equal to the voltage across C. The transistor, therefore, provides a low resistance output terminal for the saw-toothed generator.
Initially, Q1 is ON and Q2 is OFF. Hence, C1 is charged to the supply voltage Vcc through diode D and the output voltage V0 is zero. When a negative pulse, as shown in waveform figure, is applied to the base of Q1 and Q1 is turned OFF. Now, capacitor C1 discharges and capacitor C starts charging through resistor R. As a result, the base voltage of Q2 and V0 start increasing from zero volts. Therefore, diode D becomes reverse biased. The value of capacitor C1 is much larger than that of capacitor C. The voltage across R remains substantially constant throughout the charging process and thus the charging current (iR) is maintained constant. So, capacitor C is charged with a constant current which causes the voltage across C, i.e. the output voltage V0 to increase linearly with time with the relation, V0 = Vcct/RC.
Q. What do you mean by Mantissa? The mantissa , as well known as the significand , represents the precision bits of the number. It is composed of an implied leading bit and t
The generator of AM EMFs consists of a battery-driven radiofrequency (RF) EMF generator connected to a 1.5 m long 50 ? coaxial cable, to the other end of which a stainless-steel sp
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Q. In an RLC series circuit excited by a voltage source v(t), for R = 10 , L = 1 H, and C = 0.1F, determine v(t) if the capacitor voltage vC(t) = 5e -10t V.
Q. The response v(t) of a linear system to a unit-step excitation i(t) is given by v(t) = (5 - 3e -t + 2e -2t ) u(t). Determine the transfer function H(s) = V (s)/I (s).
(a) Design a 2 nd order Sallen and Key low pass active filter with the following characteristics: Nominal Cut-off Frequency: 1.6 kHz Variable Gain: 0 to 7.5 dB You may a
why biasing of bjt transistor is essential?
8 bit data to Register This form of the instruction is used to copy 8 bit data directly to the register location specified in the instruction. The instruction format i
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