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Explain the Small Intestine?
The small intestine is made up of three sections, the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. Bile from the liver and pancreatic enzymes are released into the first section of the small intestine, the duodenum, where most of the overall digestion occurs although it is short - only about 25 cm. Their arrival triggers the production of mucus and the release of digestive enzymes from the glands at the base of projections called villi found in the mucus lining of the intestine. Villi function to expand the exposed surface area of the cell membranes in order to increase the rate of absorption of processed nutrients passing through the digestive tract. Each finger-like villus membrane surface is itself covered with millions of microvilli - even tinier finger-like projections of cell membrane, giving the small intestine a huge surface area for transport of nutrients. Enzymes secreted by the intestinal wall include lipases to split fats into glycerol and fatty acids; peptidases that break proteins down into amino acids; and maltase, lactase, and sucrase, that convert disaccharides into monosaccharides. The products of digestion are delivered to the circulatory system by a process called absorption. Absorption takes place through the villi into capillaries and lymph vessels called lacteals that line the intestine. Fatty acids formed in the interior space or lumen of the intestine diffuse into the mucosa, where triglycerides are synthesized and combined with cholesterol and phospholipids, then coated with protein to form water-soluble chylomicrons, which are carried into the lacteals and eventually into the blood stream near the heart through the large lymph duct called the thoracic duct. The products of digestion of sugars and proteins are carried by the capillaries to the liver, where the glucose is converted to glycogen for storage, and the rest of the nutrients are filtered for detoxification and then distributed by the blood stream to the rest of the body.
Explain briefly about the selenium Toxicity? There is a narrow margin between the beneficial and harmful intakes of selenium. The level at which selenosis occurs is not well-de
Two homologous human chromosomes have the following structure: --A--B-.-C--D--E--F--G--H--I--J-- --A--D--C-.-B--E--F--G--J--I--H-- where the letters represent genetic markers and t
Extraction of the tooth -In nonstrategic importance -Diseased maxillary second molars with no opposing tooth , or with an opposing tooth in class l or lll occlusion that ar
Researchers (Helle et al., 2004) analyzed rates of twin births in the Sami population of Northern Scandinavia during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. They found that (1) a
Sulphur Cycle - Nutrient Cycles The sulphur cycle is mostly sedimentary except for a short gaseous phase. The large reservoir of sulphur is in the soil and sediment where it i
Types of gastrulation
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What is Colloids and Suspensions ? Colloids and Suspensions : Colloids and suspensions are mixtures in which larger particles replace solutes. Colloids, or colloidal suspe
What is an analogy for microtubules? Microtubules have two major functions in cells and in doing so act such as a skeleton as well as like railroad tracks. Microtubules are the
Q. What is the life cycle of the hookworms? The Adult hookworms within the human intestine release eggs that are eliminated with the human feces. Under the adequate conditions
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