Explain the role in insulin formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?

You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.


Related Discussions:- Explain the role in insulin formation

Spoilage of soft drinks, Q. Explain Spoilage of Soft Drinks? We all co...

Q. Explain Spoilage of Soft Drinks? We all consume soft drinks, fruit juices, as well as, preserves, which normally are available in the market as tetrapacks, cans, bottles

Most appropiate hypothesis about the origin of life on earth, What is the m...

What is the most accepted hypothesis about the origin of life on earth? How does it compare to the other main hypotheses? The heterotrophic hypothesis is the strongest and most

Concept of recombination frequency used in genetic mapping, How can the con...

How can the concept of recombination frequency be used in genetic mapping? The Genetic mapping is the determination of the location of the genes in a chromosome. Besides determ

Instance of negative feedback of the homeostatic regulation, Q. What is an ...

Q. What is an instance of negative feedback of the homeostatic regulation? Negative feedback happens when the response to a given action generates an effect that inhibits that

Determines the concentration of cortisol in the blood plasma, If one determ...

If one determines the concentration of cortisol in the blood plasma to be 10 micrograms/mL and that in a 24 hour period a person excretes 10 mgs of cortisol, calculate the volume o

Eukaryotic chromosomes, The vast amount  of genomic  DNA in a eukaryotic  c...

The vast amount  of genomic  DNA in a eukaryotic  cell is strongly  packaged  in chromosomes  having  within  a specialized  organelle and  the nucleus.  This very vast amount of e

What are the main available vaccines against poliomyelitis, Q. What are the...

Q. What are the main available vaccines against poliomyelitis? The vaccines (medicines) used against poliomyelitis are the Sabin vaccine and the Salk vaccine. The Sabin vaccine

What is lymphatic system in human biology, What is Lymphatic System in huma...

What is Lymphatic System in human biology? The lymphatic system maintains fluid balance and serves in protecting the body from disease. The primary organs of the lymphatic syst

Phases of the cardiac cycle, The phases of the cardiac cycle are: 1)  At...

The phases of the cardiac cycle are: 1)  Atrial Systole This begins with the P-wave of the ECG. The atrio-ventricular valves are open and the ventricles are relaxed (diastole

Differences of transposable elements in e. coli, Discuss the similarities a...

Discuss the similarities and differences of transposable elements in E. coli, yeast, plants, and Drosophila.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd