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Q. In some systems a subdirectory is able to be read and written by an authorized user just as ordinary files can be.
a. Explain the protection problems that could arise.
b. Suggest a scheme for dealing with every of the protection problems you named in part a.
Answer:
a. One piece of information reserved in a directory entry is file location. If a user could alter this location then he could access other files defeating the access-protection scheme.
b. Don't allow the user to directly write onto the subdirectory. Rather offer system operations to do so.
Synchronization serves two purposes: 1) to ensure safety for updates on shared data (e.g. to avoid races conditions), and 2) to coordinate and order actions taken by threads (e.g.
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Define approaches that require knowledge of the system state? Answer: Deadlock detection, Deadlock prevention, Deadlock Avoidance.
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