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Explain the Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms?
The physical methods to control microorganisms involve heat, filtration or radiations. Figure illustrates these methods. Temperature influences microorganisms by altering their enzyme systems. Low temperature, you may recall studying in the theory Course, inactivates the enzymes while high temperature destroys them. Heat is commonly employed for controlling microorganisms. Both moist heat and dry heat can be used for this purpose. Moist heat results in coagulation of proteins and degrades nucleic acid and may even disrupt cell membrane.
Moist heat has more penetrability than dry heat and kills the cells more rapidly that too at a lower temperature. Microbes exhibit difference in their resistance to moist heat. Generally, bacterial spores require temperature above 100°C for destruction. Moist heat can either sterilize or disinfect the object depending upon the temperature employed. Moist heat can be used either
(1) at temperature <100° C (pasteurization-used to remove pathogens),
(2) as free flowing steam at 100° C (by boiling or tyndallisation) or
(3) by saturated steam under pressure (autoclaving).
Gills - Respiration Gills are highly vascularised extensions of gas exchange membranes. The simple type may be extension of the body surface as in sea-slugs, sea stars and ma
In a comparative study you are examining two items, two scenarios, for Introduction to Professionalism you will be Examining two Regulated Health Professions. One will be the Colle
Genomic clone is the piece of a DNA taken from genome of a cell or an animal, and spliced into the bacteriophage or other kind of cloning vector. A genomic clone might contain cod
TRISACCHARIDES The oligosaccharides are made of three monosaccharide residues. A common trisaccharides is Raffinose which is formed by condensation of galactose-glucose-fr
Can someone explain how is cancer related to ras and p53 gene? I know that the ras protein regulate cell growth and its mutation will cause cancer. How is the mutation caused?
what is wrong with pasteurs conclusion
Define Nutritional Requirements of Fats and Oils for Adults? A desirable amount of a linoleic acid to be consumed by a normal adult is 3 en% (ICMR, 1990). The invisible fat pre
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Explain Precautions for Preparation of Bacterial Smear? 1. Plates used should be prepared 24 hours before use to avoid spreading of colonies due to moisture in plates. 2. Sw
Respiratory Care on Admission (First two hours) Patient is incubated and ventilator-dependent. Monitor blood gases hourly and take corrective action immediately.
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