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Lock Based Protocol
A lock is nothing but a mechanism that tells the DBMS whether a particular data item is being used by any transaction for read/write purpose. As there are two types of operations, i.e. read and write, whose basic nature are dissimilar, the locks for read and write operation might be behave differently.
Read operation performed by dissimilar transactions on the same data item poses less of a challenge. The value of the data item, if constant, can be read by any number of transactions at any given time.
What Is Recovery? During the life of a transaction, i.e., a after the start of a transaction but before the transaction commits, various changes may be made in a database state
Explain Clustering file organization (i) Determine if a record of file is physically ordered on a nonkey field - that does not comprise a different value for each record - that
Given the following relations TRAIN (NAME, START, DEST) TICKET (PNRNO., START, DEST, FARE) PASSENGER (NAME, ADDRESS, PNRNO.) Write SQL expressions for the following queries: No
Explain the difference between optimistic locking and pessimistic locking. Optimistic locking supposes no transaction conflict will occur and deals with the consequences if it
Special comparison operator used in where Clause a. between. ...and...It gives range among two values (inclusive) Example: SELECT ENAME, SAL FROM EMP WHERE SAL BETWE
recovey techniques based on deferred update and immediate update
Before we talk about the relational model in more detail, let us first define some very basic terms used in this model. Tuple Every row in a table shows a record and is cal
construct a b-tree for the following set of key values 2,3,5,7,11,17,19,23,29,31.assume that the tree is initial empty and the values are added in ascending order
3. (10 points) Assume that you have been presented with the following relation for the Baxter Aviation database: Charters (Pilot#, Pilot name, Aircraft ID#, #seats, Village, Fligh
The scenario You have been approached to design and implement a prototype of a distributed information system for a national car part retail outlet chain. The company comprises
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