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Problem:
(a) Briefly explain the ‘Hierarchical Database Model' using appropriate diagram.
(b) List and briefly describe five potential benefits of the database approach compared to conventional file systems.
(c) To address the issue of data independence, the SPARC/ANSI three level architecture was proposed. Compare and contrast the three levels of the model.
(d) Explain briefly the parts of the Relational Model.
What is a PROJECT operation? The project operation is a unary operation that returns its argument relation with particular attributes left out. Projection is shown by pie (π).
What is meant by heuristic optimisation?Discuss the major heuristics that are applied during query optimisation.
What is primary Key Explain? Primary Key - Primary key is one of the candidate keys. It should be selected such in which its attribute values are never, or very rarely, chang
Determine the steps of path in association network You can analyse use of paths in association network in the following steps: Examine every operation and see what asso
what is inverted and multilist structure
Atomicity : Either all functions are laid out or none are. Users could not have to think about the effect of incomplete operations. DBMS ensures this by undoing the functions
In object oriented design, which steps must designer take to adjust inheritance? To readjust inheritance following steps should be taken: i) Rearrange and adjust the classe
Write short notes on domain relational calculus The domain relational calculus uses domain variables that take on values from an attribute domain rather than values for whole
Explain Candidate Key and Super Key A super key is a set of one or more than attributes that, taken collectively, permits us to identify uniquely a tuple in the relation. Wher
Rules Of Data Normalisation Let us now summarise Normalisation with the help of various clean rules. The following are the necessary rules for the Normalisation process: 1.
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