Explain the fluoride toxicity, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Fluoride Toxicity?

Fluoride is a cumulative toxin. Ingestion of fluoride 1.0-1.5 mg/L for several years may produce dental fluorosis, i.e. browning and pitting of teeth known as mottling, as you may recall studying in the Public Nutrition Course (MFN-006). Chronic high level of fluoride in the range of 2-5 mgL can cause skeletal fluorosis. Crippling skeletal fluorosis can occur where drinking water containing higher than 10 mg/L is consumed over several. years. The severe forms of skeletal deformity in toxic fluorosis include kyphosis (abnormal curvature of the spine), fixed spine and other joint deformities. Hyper parathyroidism secondary to high fluoride intake has been reported, which induces calcification of soft tissues. You may recall that PTH is a hormone involved in calcium homeostasis, releasing calcium from the bone into the blood when blood calcium levels tend to fall. An abnormal increase in PTH can add calcium to the soft tissues, hardening them in the process.

A form of severe skeletal flourosis known as "Genuvalgium" (knocked knees) has been reported from part of India, China and African countries. The condition is characterized by severe skeletal fluorosis and osteoporosis of the limbs. Chronic ingestion of excess fluoride coupled with low calcium and high molybdenum intakes appear to increase fluoride retention in the bone. While hyper-parathyrodism and increased levels of PTH result in calcium removal from the bone, explaining the osteoporosis of the limbs.


Related Discussions:- Explain the fluoride toxicity

Sex-influenced traits, what are the examples of sex-influenced traits in hu...

what are the examples of sex-influenced traits in human?

What is an etiological agent of disease, Q. What is an etiological agent of...

Q. What is an etiological agent of disease? The etiological agent of disease is the agent that causes the disease. It may perhaps a living being, substance or environmental fac

Explain dietetics, Explain Dietetics Dietetics  has been defined as  t...

Explain Dietetics Dietetics  has been defined as  the science and art of feeding individuals based  on the principles of  nutrition. It can also be  said  to  be  the "science

Phylum ceolentrate, Compare and contracte the phylum of ceolantrat

Compare and contracte the phylum of ceolantrate

Explain procedure for analysis of air of processing facility, Explain Proce...

Explain Procedure for Analysis of Air of Processing Facility? Now conduct the experiment following the steps enumerated herewith: 1. Label the Petri plates with nutrient aga

Explain cori cycle , Under the limiting oxygen conditions experienced in ...

Under the limiting oxygen conditions experienced in by vigorous exercise, the configuration of NADH by glycolysis exceeds the ability of the respiratory chain to oxidize it back to

What thiamine defiency will result in decreased activity, A thiamine defien...

A thiamine defiency will result in decreased activity of: -G-6 phosphase -transketolase -fructokinase

Explain cultivation of microorganisms, Explain Cultivation of microorganism...

Explain Cultivation of microorganisms It is for  the production of food colourants has attractions, these must be measured against the financial legislative and user constraint

Define methods of quantitative analysis and colorimetry, Define Methods of ...

Define Methods of Quantitative Analysis and Colorimetry? Many methods of quantitative analysis are based upon the production of coloured solutions in such a way that the intens

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd