Explain the fluoride toxicity, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Fluoride Toxicity?

Fluoride is a cumulative toxin. Ingestion of fluoride 1.0-1.5 mg/L for several years may produce dental fluorosis, i.e. browning and pitting of teeth known as mottling, as you may recall studying in the Public Nutrition Course (MFN-006). Chronic high level of fluoride in the range of 2-5 mgL can cause skeletal fluorosis. Crippling skeletal fluorosis can occur where drinking water containing higher than 10 mg/L is consumed over several. years. The severe forms of skeletal deformity in toxic fluorosis include kyphosis (abnormal curvature of the spine), fixed spine and other joint deformities. Hyper parathyroidism secondary to high fluoride intake has been reported, which induces calcification of soft tissues. You may recall that PTH is a hormone involved in calcium homeostasis, releasing calcium from the bone into the blood when blood calcium levels tend to fall. An abnormal increase in PTH can add calcium to the soft tissues, hardening them in the process.

A form of severe skeletal flourosis known as "Genuvalgium" (knocked knees) has been reported from part of India, China and African countries. The condition is characterized by severe skeletal fluorosis and osteoporosis of the limbs. Chronic ingestion of excess fluoride coupled with low calcium and high molybdenum intakes appear to increase fluoride retention in the bone. While hyper-parathyrodism and increased levels of PTH result in calcium removal from the bone, explaining the osteoporosis of the limbs.


Related Discussions:- Explain the fluoride toxicity

Can diseases be etiological factor for diabetes, Q. Can Diseases be etiolog...

Q. Can Diseases be etiological factor for diabetes? Diseases: In aging, a very important cause of diabetes could be an underlying disease. Diabetes occurs secondary lo some ot

Illustrate natural and phylogenetic classification, Q. Illustrate Natural a...

Q. Illustrate Natural and Phylogenetic Classification? Natural Classification Natural systems of classification reflect the situation as it might have existed in nature. T

Concept of digestion in the stomach, Digestion in the Stomach To unders...

Digestion in the Stomach To understand  the digestion mechanism  in the stomach, it is important to know about the anatomy of the stomach. Look up Unit 6, in the Applied Physio

Homo habilis, Two important human fossils that throw much light on the huma...

Two important human fossils that throw much light on the human ancestory were discovered in .Olduvai beds in Africa and in central Java respectively. Although the development of bi

Poly-functional enzymes, Bi-and Poly-Functional Enzymes These enzymes a...

Bi-and Poly-Functional Enzymes These enzymes are generated by genes obtained by fusion of the coding regions of two or more genes encoding various enzymes. In simple words, the

TISSUES, WHY BLOOD IS CALLED FLUID CONNECTIVE TISSUE

WHY BLOOD IS CALLED FLUID CONNECTIVE TISSUE

What are the common congenital heart disease, Q. What are the Common congen...

Q. What are the Common congenital heart disease? Fossa Ovalis ASD Commonest defect is fossa ovalis ASD. It can be closed by devices. ASD should be sized in various views

Medical management of meningitis , Medical Management Trealment of ch...

Medical Management Trealment of choice is cephalosporin which is given interavenously, alternatively can be given. In case of increased intra cranial pressure mannitol and o

Law of diminishing return, Law of Diminishing Return A German scientis...

Law of Diminishing Return A German scientist Mitscherlich calculated the effect of different quantities of various growth factors on the yield of plants by means of a mathemat

Alzheimer’s disease research paper, Alzheimer's  disease -  a  devastating ...

Alzheimer's  disease -  a  devastating  brain  disease  which  gradually  ruins  the  ,  thinking  skills,  patient's  memory and  ultimately  the  ability  to  perform  the  simpl

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd