Explain the fluoride toxicity, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Fluoride Toxicity?

Fluoride is a cumulative toxin. Ingestion of fluoride 1.0-1.5 mg/L for several years may produce dental fluorosis, i.e. browning and pitting of teeth known as mottling, as you may recall studying in the Public Nutrition Course (MFN-006). Chronic high level of fluoride in the range of 2-5 mgL can cause skeletal fluorosis. Crippling skeletal fluorosis can occur where drinking water containing higher than 10 mg/L is consumed over several. years. The severe forms of skeletal deformity in toxic fluorosis include kyphosis (abnormal curvature of the spine), fixed spine and other joint deformities. Hyper parathyroidism secondary to high fluoride intake has been reported, which induces calcification of soft tissues. You may recall that PTH is a hormone involved in calcium homeostasis, releasing calcium from the bone into the blood when blood calcium levels tend to fall. An abnormal increase in PTH can add calcium to the soft tissues, hardening them in the process.

A form of severe skeletal flourosis known as "Genuvalgium" (knocked knees) has been reported from part of India, China and African countries. The condition is characterized by severe skeletal fluorosis and osteoporosis of the limbs. Chronic ingestion of excess fluoride coupled with low calcium and high molybdenum intakes appear to increase fluoride retention in the bone. While hyper-parathyrodism and increased levels of PTH result in calcium removal from the bone, explaining the osteoporosis of the limbs.


Related Discussions:- Explain the fluoride toxicity

Explain the process of biosynthetic phase, Describe the process of biosynth...

Describe the process of biosynthetic phase of photosynthesis occurring in the chloroplast. Explain the process of development of root nodules in a leguminous plant. Name the ox

Grouping of stem cells-totipotent scs, Grouping of Stem Cells: The rang...

Grouping of Stem Cells: The range of differentiation “Potency” is an important property of Stem cells & serves as the basis for classifying cells as : Totipotent SCs -capa

Floating plants, what are floating plants? detailed information

what are floating plants? detailed information

Explain the bulimia nervosa, Explain the Bulimia Nervosa? Diagnostic Cr...

Explain the Bulimia Nervosa? Diagnostic Criteria Bulimia Nervosa patients, unlike those of anorexia nervosa with binge and purge subtype, are typically within the normal weight

Porifera - regeneration in invertebrates, Porifera - Regeneration in Invert...

Porifera - Regeneration in Invertebrates Sponges have immense regenerating ability and show two ways of doing so as displayed below. : (a) Regeneration from small segments-

What is autologous transfusion, Question 1 What is autologous transfusi...

Question 1 What is autologous transfusion? Discuss how would you handle and prepare blood for autologous blood transfusion. List the advantages of autologous transfusion Qu

What is symbiosis, Question Write a short note on the following: 1...

Question Write a short note on the following: 1 Gram staining 2 Embden-Meyerhoff-Parnas pathway 3 Interferons 4 Probiotics 5 Pasteurization 6 Endospores

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd