Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Explain the Fluoride Toxicity?
Fluoride is a cumulative toxin. Ingestion of fluoride 1.0-1.5 mg/L for several years may produce dental fluorosis, i.e. browning and pitting of teeth known as mottling, as you may recall studying in the Public Nutrition Course (MFN-006). Chronic high level of fluoride in the range of 2-5 mgL can cause skeletal fluorosis. Crippling skeletal fluorosis can occur where drinking water containing higher than 10 mg/L is consumed over several. years. The severe forms of skeletal deformity in toxic fluorosis include kyphosis (abnormal curvature of the spine), fixed spine and other joint deformities. Hyper parathyroidism secondary to high fluoride intake has been reported, which induces calcification of soft tissues. You may recall that PTH is a hormone involved in calcium homeostasis, releasing calcium from the bone into the blood when blood calcium levels tend to fall. An abnormal increase in PTH can add calcium to the soft tissues, hardening them in the process.
A form of severe skeletal flourosis known as "Genuvalgium" (knocked knees) has been reported from part of India, China and African countries. The condition is characterized by severe skeletal fluorosis and osteoporosis of the limbs. Chronic ingestion of excess fluoride coupled with low calcium and high molybdenum intakes appear to increase fluoride retention in the bone. While hyper-parathyrodism and increased levels of PTH result in calcium removal from the bone, explaining the osteoporosis of the limbs.
Rabies Rabies, a fatal zoonotic viral disease of dogs, cats, man and other mammals, causes an acute encephalomyelitis. The rabies virus belongs to the genus Lyssavirus in the
ENERG Y TRANSFORMATION - During photosynthesis radiant energy is converted into chemical energy by green plants. In biluminiscent organisms .e.g glow worm, noctilluca &
Ciliates - Parasitic Protozoan The only ciliate of medical and veterinary importance is Balantidium coli which inhabit the large intestine of man, apes, monkeys and pigs. B. c
Q. What are the Haversian canals and the Volkmann's canals of the bones? Is the osseous tissue vascularized? The Haversian canals are longitudinal canals present in the osseous
Q What is the usefulness of fungi for some industries? Fungi are industrially used in the production of fermented beverage, cheese, bread, and so on. A few fungi are very impor
Q. Why are vaccines made of the own disease agent or of fragments of it? The goal of vaccines is to artificially induce a specific primary immune response (and the consequent f
Ethylene production - Responses to Infection Ethylene is also induced in response to infection. It is also known to be produced under other stress conditions like wounding
Phenology of Different Species The phenology of different species present in a community may differ from each other significantly. It is these phenological changes which give
Concerning the mixture of arterial with venous blood what is the difference between the human fetal circulation and the adult circulation? In the human fetal circulation there
what is hydrostatic skeleton?
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd