Explain the fermentability or degradability, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Fermentability or Degradability?

As you are aware that colon contains over 400 known species of bacteria that exist in a symbiotic relationship with the host. All fibres are broken down to some extent by these microorganisms. Fermentation depends on the accessibility of the molecules to the microorganisms, which in turn depends on physical properties particularly solubility. Soluble fractions especially pectin, gums, mucilages and algal polysaccharides are very accessible and ferment rapidly. Insoluble fibre fraction ferment much more slowly. The first step in fermentation is the breakdown of polysaccharides, oligosaccharides and disaccharides to their monosaccharide subunits by hydrolytic enzymes of bacteria. Monosaccharides are further converted to various end products as seen in Figure.

1510_Fermentability or Degradability.png

Figure: Overview of carbohydrate fermentation on colon

According to the calculations by Cummings and Macfarlane, if approximately 20 g of fibre is fermented in the colon each day, 200 mM SCFA will be produced, of which 62% will be acetate, 25% propionate and 16% butyrate. Of these, butyrate is almost completely consumed by the colonic mucosa, while acetate and propionate enter the portal circulation. The mechanism by which SCFAs cross the colonic mucosa is thought to be a saturable process-passive diffusion of unionized acid into mucosal cells. In addition to these acids, other products of fibre fermentation are hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methane gases that are excreted as flatus or expired by the lungs.


Related Discussions:- Explain the fermentability or degradability

Blastula, Blastula is the ball of cells surrounding a fluid-filled cavity ...

Blastula is the ball of cells surrounding a fluid-filled cavity (known as blastocoel) which is produced by the cleavage of a zygote.

What is the typical shape of a population growth curve, Q. What is the typi...

Q. What is the typical shape of a population growth curve? How can the biotic potential be represented in the same way graphically? A usual population growth curve number of in

Do echinoderms present internal or external fecundation, Do echinoderms pre...

Do echinoderms present internal or external fecundation? Is there sex division among individuals? The fecundation in echinoderms is external; gametes are liberated in water whe

Intergenic interactions, what are intergenic interactions ? please explain ...

what are intergenic interactions ? please explain with example of cross breeding. and how we calculate the phenotype and genotype. explain epistasis, duplicate genes, supplementary

What is a glucose tolerance test, What is a glucose tolerance test? A g...

What is a glucose tolerance test? A glucose tolerance test, usually conducted in the 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy measures levels of sugar (glucose) in the mother's blood. Abnor

How the blood sugar level is maintained at a stable level, Discuss how the ...

Discuss how the blood sugar level is maintained at a stable level in the well fed and fasting state In  the fed state, clearance of blood  glucose is mainly by  liver via gluc

Heterospermy, What is heterospermy?also give its significance?

What is heterospermy?also give its significance?

Define the open loop system, Situation in which a closed loop negative feed...

Situation in which a closed loop negative feedback system is  converted to an open loop system?     A.  A disease that destroys all the adenylyl cyclase and all the cAMP in the

Describe the process of suture removal, Describe the process of Suture remo...

Describe the process of Suture removal Sutures should be removed within 1-2 weeks of their placement, depending on the anatomic location. Prompt removal reduces the risk of sut

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd