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Explain the disadvantages of file oriented approach?
In the oriented approach Applications are designed in isolation. Design of application is optimized for one application. Independently established applications lead to data redundancy. Wasted storage space because of redundancy.
a. There is loss of data integrity since integrity checking is not automated.b. Difficulty in accessing data.c. Information is available only in reports.d. Data Isolation.e. Inadequate securityf. Limited Flexibilityg. High Maintenance cost.h. Each data file of an application is a separate entity.
Difference between SQL and SQL*Plus SQL SQL*Plus SQL is a language SQL *Plus is an environment It is bas
Can we delete data element, which is being used by table fields. No we cant delete data element.
it can be possible to create any table without primary key
It can be easily defined as: The database must not have any unmatched foreign key values. The term "unmatched foreign key value" means a foreign key value for which there doe
What is system catalog or catalog relation? How is better known as? A RDBMS maintains a explanation of all the data that it contains, information about every relation and index
Why containment is important in oosystems? Containment is an significant concept in oosystems because it allows dissimilar users to view data at different granularities.
What is the use of sub queries? A sub query is a select-from-where expression that is nested with in another query. A common use of sub queries is to do tests for set membershi
Draw the precedence graph of the following schedule and determine whether the schedule is serializable. (Note that all instructions, except lock and unlock, are omitted. We assume
A full discription of the new, a discription of its components, and the bebefit it will provide a company. A disscussion of the information usedin the system. A disscussion of any
What is a PROJECT operation? The project operation is a unary operation that returns its argument relation with particular attributes left out. Projection is shown by pie (π).
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