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With neat diagrams explain the configuration of a step-by-step switching system.
Schematic diagram for such an exchange is given in Figure. Every subscriber is connected to a single rotary pre-selector switch at the exchange, outputs from this switch being connected to a bank of two-motion switches called "group selectors". The out-puts from pre-selector switches of a whole group of subscribers are connected together in parallel as that group of subscribers share a single bank of group selectors. When a subscriber lifts his telephone, cradle switch causes a circuit to be completed back to telephone exchange, signalling that subscriber wishes to make a call. This causes pre-selector switch to step around until it finds a free group selector. Pre-selector switch then stop in this position and group selector is 'seized' by subscriber wishing to make a call.
On seizing group selector, the subscriber dials his first digit and selector switch moves up to the appropriate row on switch contact array. Every final selector has the possibility of connection to 100 lines. 1000 lines are thus divided into 10 groups of 100 each, group being identified by the first digit in the subscriber's number. Vertical motion of the group selector hence selects a final selector in the group associated with first digit dialled. Every individual row of contacts, or levels, of group selector is connected to a bank of final selectors associated with a specific group of 100line numbers. Having dialled first digit to select appropriate group, group selector arm then automatically rotates in vertical direction until it finds a free final selector. In final selector, both directions of motion are under the control of subscriber's dial and after dealing two further digits, connection is established, providing called subscriber's to answer his telephone.
In second technique, a concentrator expander (CE) is used near cluster of users and another one at exchange end as demonstrated in figure. Only a few junction lines are run between
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