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Explain the concepts of relational data model?
Relational Data Model - The relational model was first introduced through Prof. E.F. Codd of the IBM Research in the year 1970 and attracted immediate attention because of its simplicity and mathematical foundation. The model uses the concept of a mathematical relation (such as a table of values) as its primary building block, and has its theoretical basis within set theory and first-order predicate logic. The relational model represents the database as a collection of relations. The relational model such as all other models consists of three basic elements:
Describe the static hash file with buckets and chaining and show how insertion, deletion and modification of a record can be performed. In static hash file organization, the wo
What are uncommitted modifications? The immediate-modification technique permits database modifications to be output to the database whereas the transaction is still in the act
PART MARKING: For this section, we will use part marking. This means we will supply model answers to all questions but we will only mark six questions. We will choose these randoml
Prove that a relation which is 4NF must be BCNF. Ans Let R be in 4NF. Suppose it is not in BCNF. Hence, there exists an FD X→Y in R such that x is not a super key. Although
You are managing the following database system: • DBMS: Oracle 11g • OS: Sun Solaris • System architecture: Web-based application using ASP.Net • Purpose of Server: HR managem
Query Processor The query language processor is responsible for taking query language statements or shifting them from the English-like syntax of the query language to a form
What is hash file organization? What are the causes of bucket overflow within a hash file organization? What can be completed to decrease the occurrence of bucket overflow?
Define Physical and Logical independence Ans: Physical data independence: The ability to modify physical level without causing application program to be rewritten. Logic
One-to-one relationship: For every 1:1 relationship type R in the ER diagram including two entities E1 and E2 we take one of entities (say E1) preferably with total participatio
Define query language? A query is a statement requesting the retrieval of information. The portion of DML that includes information retrieval is known as a query language.
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