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Explain the Bohr's model?
Bohr's Model : Electrons move around the nucleus at tremendous speeds and occupy most of the space in an atom. The exact position or location of an electron at any given moment can only be predicted on the basis of probability. In a widely accepted model of the atom originally proposed by Neils Bohr, electrons move in spherical spaces called orbitals, or shells, which correspond to different energy levels. Electrons are distributed according to their energy levels, with the higher energy electrons residing in the outer shells. The innermost shell contains only 2 electrons. In common elements, the next outer shells contain 8 electrons each.
Atoms either gain, lose, or share electrons in the outer shells. Because the outer shells of many atoms are incomplete, most atoms will interact with other atoms during chemical reactions to achieve stable outer shells. The number of electrons that an atom must either gain, lose, or share to complete the outer shell is known as its valence, or oxidation number. For example, carbon has six electrons, two in its first energy level and four in the outer level. Thus, it can form a stable outer shell by gaining, losing, or sharing four electrons to complete its outer shell when it joins, or bonds, with another atom or atoms to form a compound. The following table lists the oxidation numbers of some important ions frequently used in Biology.
Define Equilibrium between two solid phases and a gas phase? Consider the following reaction equilibrium: 3 CuO(s) + 2NH 3 (g) ↔ 3 Cu(s) + 3H 2 O (g) + N 2 (g) Accordin
Define Food processing unit operations? Food processing unit operations are involved in the engineering aspects of food processing, packaging and storage. Heating, cooling, dry
Xenobiotic compounds are man-made chemicals that are present in the environment at unnaturally high concentrations. The xenobiotic compounds are either not produced naturally, o
Define about the Paper electrophoresis? In paper electrophoresis the sample is applied to a point on a strip of filter paper or cellulose acetate moistened with buffer solution
Plasma Proteins - Circulation The total protein concentration of the plasma is around 7% only. The plasma proteins are of three types - serum albumin (4%), serum globulin (2.7
Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring and evaluation is an essential step in the nutritional care process and is very important too. Monitoring specifically refers to
Determination of Limb Polarities The limb pattern is characterized by three axes (or polarities) as displayed in diagram: (1) The direction from the shoulder (or hip) to t
Explain about the Maillard Reaction? The Maillard reaction sometimes called nonenzymatic, nonoxidative browning is simply the reaction between the amino group of a protein or
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS - They are substances having both carbon and hydrogen which are commonly biological in origin. Organic compounds can be micromolecules or macromolecules
Structure of the Sperm The spermatozoa in different animal groups display a wide variety of shapes and sizes but all share a. basic morphological plan. The sperm in most anim
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