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Explain the Bohr's model?
Bohr's Model : Electrons move around the nucleus at tremendous speeds and occupy most of the space in an atom. The exact position or location of an electron at any given moment can only be predicted on the basis of probability. In a widely accepted model of the atom originally proposed by Neils Bohr, electrons move in spherical spaces called orbitals, or shells, which correspond to different energy levels. Electrons are distributed according to their energy levels, with the higher energy electrons residing in the outer shells. The innermost shell contains only 2 electrons. In common elements, the next outer shells contain 8 electrons each.
Atoms either gain, lose, or share electrons in the outer shells. Because the outer shells of many atoms are incomplete, most atoms will interact with other atoms during chemical reactions to achieve stable outer shells. The number of electrons that an atom must either gain, lose, or share to complete the outer shell is known as its valence, or oxidation number. For example, carbon has six electrons, two in its first energy level and four in the outer level. Thus, it can form a stable outer shell by gaining, losing, or sharing four electrons to complete its outer shell when it joins, or bonds, with another atom or atoms to form a compound. The following table lists the oxidation numbers of some important ions frequently used in Biology.
Reaction Wood - Root and Shoot Morphogenesis As a plagiotropic branch elongates, it might be expected to bend, downwards because of its increased weight and distance from the
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Explain the Heat Fixation Method? This is the usual method. Here, bacteria is fixed by gentle heating of air-dried bacterial film, which results in coagulation of bacterial pro
Oxygen Dissociation Curves The oxygen content of blood fully saturated or oxygenated can be calculated. It is known as the oxygen capacity of blood and this varies for differe
What is the function of the feet in molluscs? How is the mollusc foot related to the name given to the classes of the phylum? The mollusc foot has the function of locomotion, s
Two compartments of equal volume of physiological saline are divided by a membrane permeable only to oxygen. At 1 AM, equal amounts of oxygen are dissolved into both left and
DNA can be divide into fragments using restriction enzymes. (a) Outline the technique used to separate these fragments. (b) What property of the DNA f
Define the Importance of Human Milk for Infant Growth and Development? Let us now look at the value of human milk in promoting infant growth and development. Success of lactat
Q. Briefly explain about semantides? The information carrying molecules in plants are called semantides, and they have been recognised to be 3 kinds; deoxyribonucleic acid or D
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