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Explain the Bohr's model?
Bohr's Model : Electrons move around the nucleus at tremendous speeds and occupy most of the space in an atom. The exact position or location of an electron at any given moment can only be predicted on the basis of probability. In a widely accepted model of the atom originally proposed by Neils Bohr, electrons move in spherical spaces called orbitals, or shells, which correspond to different energy levels. Electrons are distributed according to their energy levels, with the higher energy electrons residing in the outer shells. The innermost shell contains only 2 electrons. In common elements, the next outer shells contain 8 electrons each.
Atoms either gain, lose, or share electrons in the outer shells. Because the outer shells of many atoms are incomplete, most atoms will interact with other atoms during chemical reactions to achieve stable outer shells. The number of electrons that an atom must either gain, lose, or share to complete the outer shell is known as its valence, or oxidation number. For example, carbon has six electrons, two in its first energy level and four in the outer level. Thus, it can form a stable outer shell by gaining, losing, or sharing four electrons to complete its outer shell when it joins, or bonds, with another atom or atoms to form a compound. The following table lists the oxidation numbers of some important ions frequently used in Biology.
Phylum platyhelminthes (13,000 species Flatworm) The body is flattened. Gastrovascular cavity is branched, dense bodies with many cell layers, mouth but no anus. Hermaphrodite
Parenchymal Inflammation Parenchymal inflammation can be due to infectious diseases or acute bronchitis or pneumonia discussion will be mainly on pneumania in the following t
Euglena
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Concept behind Freezing the milk Freezing the milk also alters its composition and properties to a great extent. Let us learn about these changes. As the milk freezes, it becom
An increase in the calcium conductance of all sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes of a skeletal muscle with no external forces on it leads to A. an increase in the amount of calci
What surrounds a plant cell
Detritus Food Chains Detritus food chains begin with dead organic matter which is an important source of energy. A large amount of organic matter is contributed by the death o
Cellular Totipotency The innumerable cells which constitute the body of a higher plant or animal and containing identical genetic material can be traced to a single cell-the
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