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Explain the Bohr's model?
Bohr's Model : Electrons move around the nucleus at tremendous speeds and occupy most of the space in an atom. The exact position or location of an electron at any given moment can only be predicted on the basis of probability. In a widely accepted model of the atom originally proposed by Neils Bohr, electrons move in spherical spaces called orbitals, or shells, which correspond to different energy levels. Electrons are distributed according to their energy levels, with the higher energy electrons residing in the outer shells. The innermost shell contains only 2 electrons. In common elements, the next outer shells contain 8 electrons each.
Atoms either gain, lose, or share electrons in the outer shells. Because the outer shells of many atoms are incomplete, most atoms will interact with other atoms during chemical reactions to achieve stable outer shells. The number of electrons that an atom must either gain, lose, or share to complete the outer shell is known as its valence, or oxidation number. For example, carbon has six electrons, two in its first energy level and four in the outer level. Thus, it can form a stable outer shell by gaining, losing, or sharing four electrons to complete its outer shell when it joins, or bonds, with another atom or atoms to form a compound. The following table lists the oxidation numbers of some important ions frequently used in Biology.
Measurement of Light Intensity How do we measure the intensity of a source of light falling on a surface? You know that light spreads out uniformly in all directions from a sou
How many chambers do the bird heart and the mammalian heart have? Concerning temperature maintenance what is the advantage of the double and complete circulation of these animals?
The cell cycle is controlled by a cyclically operating set of reaction sequences that both trigger and coordinate key events in the cell cycle • The cell-cycle control system is
Stages of Wilm's tumour We shall now discuss about the various stages of Wilm's tumour. The extent of disease is staged according to the findings of surgery and the presen
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1. In chickens rose comb ( R ) is dominant over single comb ( r ). A rose-combed male is mated to a rose-combed female. Eighteen chicks are produced, ten of which are rose-combed,
Modern Theory Naturalistic theory: According to this theory Life originated upon our earth spontaneously from nonliving matter. But there are two significant points in this r
Q. Explain Diseases of pericardium? Pericardium is the sac covering the heart. Pericardium consists of two layers-the visceral pericardium (epicardium) and the parietal pericar
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Explain Procedure for Sub-Culturing of a Culture Now carry out the exercise following the steps given herewith: 1. Sterilize the inoculating loop and needle by heating to re
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