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Q. Explain state-variable techniques?
The matrix formulations associated with state-variable techniques have largely replaced the block-diagram formulations. Computer software for solving a great variety of state-equation formulations is available on most computer systems today. However, in the state-variable for- mulation, much of the physical reality of any system is lost, including the relationships between system response and system parameters.
With the development and widespread use of digital (discrete) control systems and the advent of relatively inexpensive digital computers, time-response methods have become more necessary and available. These may be divided into two broad methodologies:
1. The actual simulation or modeling of the system differential equations by either analog or digital computers.
2. The state-variable formulation of the system state equations and their solution by a digital computer. State-variable methods offer probably the most general approach to system analysis and are useful in the solution of both linear and nonlinear system equations.
The torque produced by each conductor in the field will be: where A is the area of the armature winding in the magnetic field, Ia is the current in armature winding, and B
1. A current carrying conductor is found to carry 10 μA at a given time slot from 5μs to 1.5 ms. Find the total number of electrons flowing in the conductor during this time slot.
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Q A wire with n = 10 30 electrons/m 3 has an area of cross section A = 1mm 2 and carries a current i = 50 mA. Compute the number of electrons that pass a given point in 1 s, and
Draw the memory map of TPA in a personal computer and explain different areas. The transient program area holds the DOS operating system and other programs which control the co
What is ideal and real sources? Source conversion? Nodal voltage method for d.c circuit?
Referring to Figure, let boxes 2, 3, and 5 consist of a 0.2-H inductor, a 5- resistor, and a 0.1-F capacitor, respectively. Given A = 5, and v 1 = 10 sin 10t, i 2 = 5 sin 10t ,
You have to look up the data sheets for the LM317 (Not LT317), LT1006. V1 is a standard 9 volt battery, and the resistors are “through hole”. Label the test points in, V+, gnd, and
Q. A single-line diagram of a three-phase transformer bank connected to a load is given in Figure. Find the magnitudes of the line-to-line voltages, line currents, phase voltages,
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