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Q. Explain state-variable techniques?
The matrix formulations associated with state-variable techniques have largely replaced the block-diagram formulations. Computer software for solving a great variety of state-equation formulations is available on most computer systems today. However, in the state-variable for- mulation, much of the physical reality of any system is lost, including the relationships between system response and system parameters.
With the development and widespread use of digital (discrete) control systems and the advent of relatively inexpensive digital computers, time-response methods have become more necessary and available. These may be divided into two broad methodologies:
1. The actual simulation or modeling of the system differential equations by either analog or digital computers.
2. The state-variable formulation of the system state equations and their solution by a digital computer. State-variable methods offer probably the most general approach to system analysis and are useful in the solution of both linear and nonlinear system equations.
Q. Given ¯B = (y ¯ax - x ¯ay )/(x 2 + y 2 ) T, determine the magnetic force on the current element Id ¯l = 5 × 0.001¯a A located at (3,4,2).
Phenol and Formaldehyde are polymerised to a resultant product known as (A) PVC. (B) bakelite. (C) Polyester. (D)
external gates symbols
We would like you to do an indepth study/research in the tradeoff between the filtering of the QR and the QR performance So it will be about filtering but more of an indepth for
Mechanical Structure of Depletion Type MOSFET The mechanical structure of this type of device is displayed in figure. In an IC, we would locate two n-type regions side by side
1. A 230/1000V 50 Hz, single phase transformer has the following test data: Open circuit test (L.V.) Primary voltage = 230V Primary current = 1.30 A Input power
what is the difference between static and induced emf
What is Permeability? Permeability: This is defined as the ability of the material to conduct flux. This is defined as the ratio of magnetic flux 'B' in a medium to the magneti
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Q. In plotting a hysteresis loop the following scales are used: 1 cm = 400 At / mand 1 cm=0.3 T. The area of the loop for a certain magnetic material is found to be 6.2 cm 2 . Calc
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