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Q. Explain Source encoding or data compression?
The sequence of binary digits from the source encoder, known as the information sequence, is passed on to the channel encoder. The purpose of the channel encoder is to introduce some redundancy in a controlled manner in the binary information sequence, so that the redundancy can be used at the receiver to overcome the effects of noise and interference encountered in the transmission of the signal through the channel. Thus, redundancy in the information sequence helps the receiver in decoding the desired information sequence, thereby increasing the reliability of the received data and improving the fidelity of the received signal.
The binary sequence at the output of the channel encoder is passed on to the digitalmodulator, which functions as the interface to the communication channel. The primary purpose of the digital modulator is to map the binary information sequence into signal waveforms, since nearly all the communication channels used in practice are capable of transmitting electric signals (waveforms). Because themessage has only two amplitudes in a binary system, themodulation process is known as keying. In amplitude-shift keying (ASK), a carrier's amplitude is shifted or keyed between two levels. Phase-shift keying (PSK) involves keying between two phase angles of the carrier,whereas frequency-shift keying (FSK) consists of shifting a carrier's frequency between two values.Many other forms of modulation are also possible.
Q. What are the performance measures of oscillator circuits? 1. Stability: This is determined by the passive components. R, C and L determine frequency of oscillations. If R ch
Q. Express the waveform of the staircase type shown in Figure as a sum of step functions.
Q. Design the low-pass filter shown in Figure (by determining L) to have a half-power frequency of 10 kHz.
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Why do wenot see the battery and capacitor combination for power backup? Ans) There are "super capacitors" that are used for power backup - they are well-organized for short-te
Q. Draw and explain Colpitts oscillator? Colpitt's oscillator is a superb circuit which is used widely in commercial signal generations of frequency of 100 Mhz . It consists o
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Q. Illustrate Signal attenuation? Signal attenuation in many channels can be offset by using amplifiers to boost the signal level during transmission. However, the amplifier al
Q. Elucidate the working of broad band ISDN? Ans: BISDN Configuration: Figuredemonstrates how access to BISDN network is accomplished. Every peripheral device is interfaced
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