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Explain outer join?
Outer Join - If there are any values in one table which do not have corresponding value(s) in the other, in an equi-join which will not be chosen. Such rows could be forcefully selected through using the outer join. The corresponding columns for in which row will have NULLs. There are actually three forms of the outer-join operation: left outer join ( X), right outer join (X ) and full outer join ( X ).
Define Query Processing Query processing is the process of selecting the best plan or strategy to be employed in responding to a database request. The plan is then executed to
Define upgrade and downgrade? It gives a mechanism for conversion from shared lock to exclusive lock is called as upgrade. It gives a mechanism for conversion from exclusive
why older data models are being replaced by new data models.
Mention the type of constraints we can specify in the CREATE command of DDL. The type of constraints that can be specified are as follows:- PRIMARY KEY, NOT NULL, UNIQUE, FOR
Design a gennalization and specialization hierarchy for an automobile sales company
Let us now make the E-R diagram for the student database as per the explanation given in the previous section. We can also states the overall logical structure of a database usi
How can you map NULL values to other values while display? IF( ) , IFNULL( ) keywords are used to do so. They are 'LIMIT' is used for the following kinds of problems: 1) Ans
Define the basic operations of the relational algebra? Ans: Basic operators of relational algebra are: 1. Union (∪) - Selects tuples which are in either P or Q or in bot
what is Nested relational model? Explain with examples.
Compare the Nested-loop join and block-nested loop join Ans: Nested loop join - It is costly as worst case cost, no. of block accesses needed is n r * b s + b r where b
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