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What are the main differences between operating systems for mainframe computers and personal computers?
The design goals of operating systems for those machines are quite different. PCs are inexpensive, so wasted resources like CPU cycles are inconsequential. Resources are wasted to improve usability and enhance software user interface functionality. Mainframes are the opposite, so resource use is maximized, at the expensive of ease of use.
Define semaphore A semaphore is a protected abstract or variable data type that constitutes the classic method for restricting access to shared resources like shared memory in
Define deadlock. A process requests resources; if the resources are not available at that time, the process enters a wait state. Waiting processes might be never again change s
What is process control block? Every process is represented in the OS by a process control block. It has many pieces of information associated with an exact process.
Explain the various methods for handling deadlocks. A set of processes is deadlocked if every process in the set is waiting for an event that only a process in the
As we already know, threadsmust ensure consistency; otherwise, race conditions (non-deterministic results) might happen. Now consider the "too much milk problem": two people share
Determine a component of a process precedence sequence Process name, Sequence operator ‘;’ and Concurrency operator ‘,’
Hierarchical paging Single way is to use a two-level paging algorithm, in which the page table itself is also paged. A logical address is separated into a page number and a pag
Problem: a) Explain physically what occurs when a disk is fragmented. What is the purpose of "defragmenting" a disk? b) What is the idea behind backing up data on a secondar
Q. What is the basic function of Assembler ? Input to an assembler is an assembly language program. Output is an object program and information which enables the loader to prep
What is the use of fork and exec system calls? Fork is a system call by which a latest process is created. Exec is also a system call, which is used after a fork by one of the
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