Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
In Java not all classes must be described separate from each other. You may put the definition of one class under the definition of another class. The class inside class is called an inner class and the enclosing class is called an outer class. So when you prepare an inner class, it is a member of the outer class in much the similar way as other members like attributes, constructors and methods.
Where should we need inner classes? Code without inner classes is hard to maintainable and readable. When you use private data members of the outer class, the JDK compiler provides package-access member functions in the outer class for the inner class to use the private members. That leaves a security hole. We could avoid it using inner classes. Use inner class only when an inner class is only in the context of the outer class and/or inner class may be prepared private so that only outer class can access it. Inner classes are needed primarily to implement helper classes like Comparators, Iterators etc which are needed in the context of an outer class.
Member inner class
Anonymous inner class
public class MyStack {
private Object[] items = null;
...
public Iterator iterator() {
return new StackIterator();
}
//inner class
class StackIterator implements Iterator{
public boolean hasNext(){...}
return new Iterator {
public boolean hasNext() {...}
Class Type
Description
Example +
Class name
Outer
class
Package
member class or interface
Top level class. Only type JVM
can access.
//package scope
class Outside{}
Outside.class
Inner
static nested
class or interface
Defined within the context of the
top-level class. Must be static & can access static members of its having class. No relationship between the instances of outside and Inside classes.
class Outside {
static class Inside{ }
Outside.class ,Outside$Inside.class
Member class
Defined within the context of
outer class, but non-static. Until an object of Outside class has
been started you can't create
Inside.
class Outside{
class Inside(){}
Outside.class , Outside$Inside.class
Local class
Defined within a part of code.
Can use final local variables and final method parameters. Only
visible within the part of code that defines it.
void first() {
final int i = 5;
class Inside{}
Outside.class , Outside$1$Inside.class
Anonymous
Just like local class, but no
name is used. Useful when only one instance is used in a
method. Most naturally used in
AWT/SWING event model, Spring framework hibernate call
back methods etc.
//AWT example
button.addActionListener ( new ActionListener()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { System.out.println("The button was pressed!");
});
Outside.class , Outside$1.class
how much it will cost me
What is Operator Overloading? A few object oriented languages, notably C++, permit you to not only overload techniques but also operators like + or -. This is very menaingful w
Need to develop Chat application for j2me and I want Image Processing code Project Description: We want a chat application for a community website. Image processing and co
We are in need of Programmer In search of someone who know java well enough to work under my in-house programmer and take work form him to keep the project moving. The project d
You have recently joined a games company. The SQA manager has given you the task of improving the code quality of simple games. This is a standard task which the SQA manager gives
What Is a Socket in Java Networking and RMI? Ans) A socket is one end-point of a two-way communication link among two programs running on the network. A socket is bound to a por
I am having trouble with the code below because I am trying to call the text field input type so that whenever someone enters a number above 10 it responds with the alert shown bel
Java Message Service: An interface executed by most J2EE containers to give point-to-point queueing and topic (publish/subscribe) behavior. JMS is frequently used by EJB's that req
Need tomcat based iptv cms p2p , avrelay trans-coder software Project Description: Tomcat based iptv cms p2p tracker cdn included, avrelay for trans-coding h264, Skills re
iiiiii
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd