Explain long-term risk estimation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain Long-term Risk Estimation ?

Many studies have examined long-term risks associated with risk factors using traditional epidemiological methods. Framingha investigators examined well and women between 40 to 50 and followed them up to find out their overall survival and CVD free survival a1 85 years and beyond. Factors associated with survival to age 85 included female gender, lower systolic BP, IOMWI' tot01 cholesterol, better glucose tolerance, no current stoking and higher level of education attained. In presence of adverse levels of four of these factors in middle age, fewer than 5 per cent of men and 15 per cent of women survived to age 85.

In another study, men and women with a low risk factor burden (serum cholesterol < 200mg/dl, untreated BP 5 120/80 mmHg, no current smoking, no diabetes and no major ECG abnormalities) in middle age had 73-85 per cent lower visit of' CVD mortality, 40-60 per cent lower total mortality and 6-10 years greater life expectancy.

The Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in industries have shown that risk factor burden in middle age is associated with quality of life at follow-up in older age. A Finnish study also observed that cholesterol levels in middle aged men were associated with total mortality and quality of life over 39 years of follow-up.

When taken together, all these studies confirm long-term protection with low Risk factor burden and substantial long-term risks associated with adverse baseline values of CVD risk factors.

 


Related Discussions:- Explain long-term risk estimation

Causes of elevated triglycerides, Possible causes of elevated triglycerides...

Possible causes of elevated triglycerides: - Obesity - Alcohol - Uncontrolled diabetes - Hypothyroidism - Genetic - Liver disease - Drugs Possible causes o

Future - development biology, Future - Development Biology Fertilizati...

Future - Development Biology Fertilization in flowering plants is essential for sustaining life on earth. Production of most crops depends on the effectivity of the fertilisat

Instrument to analyse nerve system, Hi. I would like to know the type of in...

Hi. I would like to know the type of instrument used to analyse the nerve system and how it functions.

Patterns of cleavage, P A TTERNS OF CLEAVAGE - Patterns of cleavage d...

P A TTERNS OF CLEAVAGE - Patterns of cleavage depends upon amount of yolk & distribution of yolk. These are following types - 1 .       RADIAL CLEAVAGE PATTERN -

State the purposes of dressing, PURPOSES OF DRESSING A dressing can hav...

PURPOSES OF DRESSING A dressing can have a number of purposes, depending on the type, severity and position of the wound, although all purposes are focused towards promoting re

What is the nucleolus, What is the nucleolus? The nucleolus is a small ...

What is the nucleolus? The nucleolus is a small and optically dense region in the interior of the cell nucleus. It is made of ribosomic RNA (rRNA) and proteins. Single nucleus

Diagnosis and treatment of infective endocarditis, Diagnosis Health hi...

Diagnosis Health history - any recent surgery/dental procedures, history of heart disease, recent infectious diseases, etc. Clinical Manifestation Laboratory

Zoonoses disease-yabapox, Yabapox Yabapox is a disease affecting mangabeys...

Yabapox Yabapox is a disease affecting mangabeys, rhesus, cynos, vervets, stumptails, and patas monkeys. It is caused by the Yaba-like disease virus (YLDV) and Yaba monkey tumor v

What is excessive fat intake, What is Excessive Fat Intake? Although mi...

What is Excessive Fat Intake? Although minimum amount of fat is essential as calculated above but upper limit of fat should be drawn due to its link with an increased risk of d

Define the term -aqueous movement and outflow, Define the term -Aqueous Mov...

Define the term -Aqueous Movement and Outflow There are two movements of the aqueous humour that occur-thermal flow and bulk flow. Thermal flow is, an internal circulation of

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd