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Q. Explain Inductorless Filters
Inductorless (Active) Filters
Filters (used to pass or eliminate certain frequency components of a signal) that are suitable for IC fabrication, but which do not contain inductors, are known as active filters. They have the op amp as a common component. Figure 5.4.13 shows the basic op-amp circuit with frequency-dependent impedances. The voltage gain or voltage transfer function of this circuit is given by
with Zi = Ri and Zf = Rf (1/j ωCf ) (i.e., Rf and Cf in parallel). We have a low-pass filter with
is sketched in Figure 5.4.14, from which one can see that at the half-power or 3-dB point of fl, the dc value Rf /Ri goes down by a factor of 1/ √ 2 or 0.707. With Zf = Rf and Zi = Ri + 1/j ωCi (i.e., Ri and Ci in series), we have a high-pass filter for which we obtain
What is the use of 8251 chip? 8251 chip is mostly used as the asynchronous serial interface among the processor and the external equipment.
Positive Clippers The shunt connected positive clipper, in which the diode conducts for positive half cycle and hence, the output is a straight line. During the negative half c
NAND Gate NAND means NOT AND it complements the output of an AND gate. The symbol of NAND by a NOT gate. Generally Not operation is represented by a bubble as shown
ferroelectric materials are charatrised by
The Ward-Leonard system, which is used in the control of large dc motors employed in rolling mills, is a highly flexible arrangement for effecting position and speed control of a s
A microstrip antenna system operating at 915MHz must be designed using Rogers RO3010 substrate with the thickness of 0.635mm.
Input Characteristics Transistors can be operated in the switching mode. If base current IB is zero transistor is in an ON state behaves as a switch. If the base cur
Refer to the op amp circuit shown below. Let R 1 = 140 k_, R 2 = 10 k_, R 3 = 10 k_, R 4 = 20 k_, RL = 10 k_. Assume the op amp is ideal. Find the equation relating the
(a) Find the Thevenin equivalent of the circuit shown in Figure (a) at the terminals A-B. (b) Determine the impedance that must be connected to the terminals A-B so that it is m
PID controllers are popularly adopted in a wide range of industrial processes. The objective of this design practical is to study the way this PID controller changes system dynamic
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