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Q. Explain Inductorless Filters
Inductorless (Active) Filters
Filters (used to pass or eliminate certain frequency components of a signal) that are suitable for IC fabrication, but which do not contain inductors, are known as active filters. They have the op amp as a common component. Figure 5.4.13 shows the basic op-amp circuit with frequency-dependent impedances. The voltage gain or voltage transfer function of this circuit is given by
with Zi = Ri and Zf = Rf (1/j ωCf ) (i.e., Rf and Cf in parallel). We have a low-pass filter with
is sketched in Figure 5.4.14, from which one can see that at the half-power or 3-dB point of fl, the dc value Rf /Ri goes down by a factor of 1/ √ 2 or 0.707. With Zf = Rf and Zi = Ri + 1/j ωCi (i.e., Ri and Ci in series), we have a high-pass filter for which we obtain
Critical Rate of Rise of Voltage It depends on the junction temperature higher the junction temperature lower the critical rate of rise of voltage. It is also known as
Explain the signals HOLD, READY and SID HOLD indicates that a peripheral such as DMA controller is requesting the use of address bus, data bus and control bus. READY is used to
Write short notes of the following. a) Microprocessor b) Modes of data transfer. c) I/O processor d) Associative memory e) Software and Hardware interrupt
Question: An evaporator is a device in which a feed stream is concentrated by boiling a solution. A combination of heating and reduced pressure are used to induce the boiling.
A JFET for which V A = 80 V, V P = 4 V, and I DSS = 10 mA has a quiescent drain current of 3 mA when used as a common-source amplifier for which R D = R SS = 1k and R L = 3k
1- Use 4-to-16 decoder and some residue gates to recognize the following functions F1(A,B,C)= S(1,2,4,5,7) F2(A,B,C,D)= S(1,2,4,5,7,10,12,14,15) F3(A,B,C,D,E)= S(1,2,4,5,7,10,12,1
Properties of a p-n junction The p-n junction possesses several interesting properties that have helpful applications in modern electronics. A p-doped semiconductor is compara
Q. Why positive feedback is used in oscillator? The main application of positive feedback is in oscillators. An oscillator generates AC output signal without any input AC signa
Q. The energy stored in a 2-µF capacitor is given by w c (t) = 9e -2t µJ for t ≥ 0. Find the capacitor voltage and current at t = 1s.
Q. A voltmeter with a full scale of 100 V has a probable error of 0.1% of full scale. When this meter is employed to measure 100 V, find the percent of probable error that can exis
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