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Q. Explain Inductorless Filters
Inductorless (Active) Filters
Filters (used to pass or eliminate certain frequency components of a signal) that are suitable for IC fabrication, but which do not contain inductors, are known as active filters. They have the op amp as a common component. Figure 5.4.13 shows the basic op-amp circuit with frequency-dependent impedances. The voltage gain or voltage transfer function of this circuit is given by
with Zi = Ri and Zf = Rf (1/j ωCf ) (i.e., Rf and Cf in parallel). We have a low-pass filter with
is sketched in Figure 5.4.14, from which one can see that at the half-power or 3-dB point of fl, the dc value Rf /Ri goes down by a factor of 1/ √ 2 or 0.707. With Zf = Rf and Zi = Ri + 1/j ωCi (i.e., Ri and Ci in series), we have a high-pass filter for which we obtain
A 3-phase, wye-connected, 11.8 kV, 100 MVA turbo- generator of 0.8 power factor lagging has a synchronous reactance of 2.0 p.u. on rating. The generator is driven by a steam turbin
ferroelectric materials are charatrised by
Q. Determine the function of time for the clock? Given the block diagram for a 4-bit shift-left register shown in Figure (a), draw the output (Q 0 , Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and data
Q. Explain working of Inverting Summing Amplifier? The circuit of Figure is extended by adding other input points, as shown in Figure. Because of the virtual ground at terminal
For the 3-bit 2 n -R D/A converter of Figure, calculate the analog output voltage when the input is (a) 100, and (b) 010. Solution a. For the binary input 100, switches con
Give some applications of constantan. Constantan is an alloy of nickel and copper. It is used in thermocouples, motor starters and precision resistors.
3-phase Bridge Inverter In 3-phase bridge inverter six thyristors an six diodes are used as shown in figure a capacitor at input terminal is connected so that the input volta
Low-pass electronic filter: The capacitors and inductors are the reactive elements of the filter. The number of elements ascertains the order of the filter. In this situation,
Partial derivatives - Transistor hybrid model: The partial derivatives are taken by keeping the collector voltage or base current constant as pointed out by the subscript atta
Q. What do you mean by Continuous signals? Continuous signals are described by time functionswhich are defined for all values of t (a continuous variable). Commercial broadcast
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