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Explain Hypertension in biochemical or physiological risk factors?
The importance of elevated BP as a risk factor for CAD, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and renal failure in both men and women has been clarified in a large number of epidemiological studies. Hypertension causes structural and functional changes in the vessel wall - as well as in the heart itself. The vessels are narrowed increasing the resistance to flow; endothelial damage promotes atherosclerosis and both atheroma and vasospasm can easily cause complete blockage in those narrowed arteries. Increase in resistance to flow leads to enlargement of the heart (left ventricular by pertrophy), which raises oxygen demand. That in itself increases the risk of CAD. Systolic BP is at least as powerful a coronary risk factor as the diastolic BP and isolated systolic Hypertension is now established as a major hazard for coronary disease and stroke.
Risk is related to the level of blood pressure and increases as the blood pressure rises - there is no definite cut-off point. Hypertension not only promotes atheroma but also increases the oxygen demand of the heart and thereby aggravates ischaemia. Clinical trials of BP lowering using different drugs have clearly shown that the risks associated with increased BP call be substantially reduced, especially for stroke, but also for CAD and heart failure: a goal BP of < 130185 mmHg is appropriate for primary and secondary prevention. The BP goal needs to be even lower in diabetic patients as well as in patients with renal parenchyma disease in whole renal protection may occur at values even less than 80mnlHg.
Founder effect The difference in gene pools amongs an original population and a new population founded by one or a few individuals randomly separated from the original population,
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Q. What is QT Dispersion? Is the difference between the QT interval measured from one part of the heart and the QT interval measured from another part of the heart. The QT inte
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Explain the assessing and monitoring of peri-implant The parameters used for assessing and monitoring the peri-implant conditions need to be understood and applied judiciously
Non-concomitant or Paralytic Squint This subdivision of manifest squint occurs when there is a deviation of the eye in different directions. The causes for non-concomitant squ
In the eukaryotes, eukaryotic release factor eRF-1 recognizes all three termination codons that are UGA UAA, and UAG and, with the help of protein eRF-3, terminates translation.
Q. What do you mean by biodigester? A biodigester is equipment that produces hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and fuel gases (biogases) like methane from organic material under
Can mitosis occur in haploid (n) cells? And in triploid cells? The mitotic cell division can happen in haploid (n) cells, diploid (2n) cells, triploid (3n) cells, etc. Mitosis
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