Explain how unemployment could be voluntary or involuntary .

Start off with a definition of the labour force and then outline the proportion of the labour force which would be unemployed even when the labour market is in equilibrium - this having of frictional, seasonal and structural unemployment. Classical/monetarist theory looks at any unemployment in excess of the natural rate of unemployment as voluntary - as these labourers are not accepting jobs at the going real wage rate. Keynesians, on the other hand, sight this as involuntary, or demand deficient.