Patients Not on HAART

For HIV-infected patients requiring TB treatment who are not currently being treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), it may be prudent to delay HAART (particularly in patients with CD4 cell counts above 100  cells/mm3) for 2 or more months in order to avoid a paradoxical worsening of TB due to immune reconstitution, decrease the risk of overlapping drug adverse effects and interactions, and enhance adherence to both drug regimens the optimal timing for initiating HAART in patients with newly diagnosed TB is not known.