Explain global positioning systems, Electrical Engineering

Assignment Help:

Q. Explain Global Positioning Systems?

Modern communication systems abound in practice: cellular phones, computer networks, television satellites, and optical links for telephone service. Communication with instruments has been made possible between our planet, the earth, and Mars.

A global positioning system (GPS) is a modern and sophisticated system in which signals are broadcast from a network of 24 satellites. A receiver, which contains a special-purpose computer to process the received signals and compare their phases, can establish its position quite accurately. Such receivers are used by flyers, boaters, and bikers. Various radio systems that utilize phase relationships among signals received from several radio transmitters have been employed in navigation, surveying, and accurate time determination. An early system of this type, known as LORAN, was developed so that the receivers could determine their latitudes and longitudes.

Figure illustrates in a simple way the working principle of LORAN, which consists of three transmitters (amaster and two slaves) that periodically broadcast 10-cycle pulses of 100-kHz sine waves in a precise phase relationship. The signal received from each transmitter is phase- shifted in proportion to the distance from that transmitter to the receiver. A phase reference is established at the receiver by the signal from the master transmitter; then the receiver determines the differential time delay between the master and each of the two slaves. The difference in time delay between the master and a given slave yields a line of position (LOP), as shown in Figure.

If the time delays of the signals fromthemaster and a given slave are equal (i.e., no differential delay), then the line of position is the perpendicular bisector of the line joining the master and that particular slave. On the other hand, if the time delay from the master is smaller by a certain amount, the line of position happens to be a hyperbola situated toward and near the master, as illustrated by LOP for slave 1 in Figure, and LOP for slave 2, where the time delay from slave 2 is smaller. The intersection of the LOPs for the two slaves determines the location of the receiver.

304_Explain Global Positioning Systems.png

The simple concept of relative phase relationships is exploited by engineers and scientists in several systems that are beneficial to the general public. For example, remote measurements of the height of Greenland's ice cap (by using high-quality GPS receivers) are being made to assess the possible effects of global warming.


Related Discussions:- Explain global positioning systems

Packet switching over circuit switching, Q. Justify disadvantages and advan...

Q. Justify disadvantages and advantages of packet switching over circuit switching? Ans: Comparison of circuit switching and packet switching showing disadvantages and advan

Explain about frequency shift keying, Q. Explain about Frequency Shift Keyi...

Q. Explain about Frequency Shift Keying? In this scheme frequency of the carrier signal is changed according to the data. Transmitter sends different frequencies for a "I" than

Can you explain binary number systems, Q. Can you explain Binary Number Sys...

Q. Can you explain Binary Number Systems? The Binary numbers are used to represent digital information because like most digital systems, binary numbers have only two possible

Find the effective area of a half-wave dipole, Q. The effective area of a d...

Q. The effective area of a dipole is given by A e =0.13λ 2 . Find the effective area of a half-wave dipole at 3 GHz.

Compute the area of each plate, Q For a parallel-plate capacitor with plate...

Q For a parallel-plate capacitor with plates of area A m 2 and separation d m in air, the capacitance in farads may be computed from the approximate relation Compute the a

Common channel signalling, Common channel signalling Signalling system...

Common channel signalling Signalling systems link the variety of switching systems, transmission systems and subscriber equipments in telecommunication network to enable

THE THEORY, I WANT TO KNOW WHAT IS THE THORY OF PLOTTING V-I CHARACTERISTIC...

I WANT TO KNOW WHAT IS THE THORY OF PLOTTING V-I CHARACTERISTIC CURVE OF SILICON DIODE ???

Explain iron and silicon iron alloys, Explain iron and silicon iron alloys....

Explain iron and silicon iron alloys. Iron: Galvanised steel and iron wires that are usually used for earth conductor in low voltage distribution systems may also be utilize

Explain multimedia extensions technology, Explain MMX Technology. Mult...

Explain MMX Technology. Multimedia extensions technology adds 57 newly instructions to the instruction set of the Pentium - 4 microprocessors. The Multimedia extensions techno

Obtain the thevenin equivalent at terminals, Consider the circuit of Figure...

Consider the circuit of Figure (a), including a dependent source. Obtain the Thévenin equivalent at terminals a-b.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd