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Explain FDM and show how CCITT standards help in building the base band?
Frequency Division Multiplexing: This is the process of combining some information channels through shifting their signals to various frequency groups in the spectrum therefore they can be transmitted simultaneously over common transmission service.
The bandwidth of a telephone speech signal is quite less than 4 kHz. Where, the available bandwidth on unloaded cables pair is fine above 100 kHz. Therefore this is possible, by using modulation techniques, for divide up the cable bandwidth then a number of telephone speech paths can be carried at the same time along a single cable pair. The normal arrangement contains 24 telephone channels per cable pair, the modulation in 24 channels being carried out within the two stages. In the primary stage, 12 channels are multiplexed together to form that is commonly termed as a basic group. This basic group arrangement is demonstrated in figure. Each of the 12 telephone signals are single side-band amplitude modulated on to carriers spaced at 4 kHz intervals 64 kHz to 108 kHz. The lower side-band (LSB) is utilized in every case. The 12 base-band signals are thus translated in the frequency band from 60 kHz 108 kHz as demonstrated. The block diagram for the channel translating equipment is specified in figure. To form a 24-channel system, to basic groups are occupied together. One basic group (B) is transmitted directly as this stands. Another basic group (A) is amplitude modulated on to a carrier are 120 kHz and the lower side-band is occupied such as to take the frequency range from 12 kHz to 60 kHz as demonstrated in figure. by using two stages of modulation for basic group A, this is possible to decrease the physical size of the component needed for the LSB filters of the figure, because the lowest cut- off frequency needed is at 64 kHz quite than 12 kHz when the whole block of 24 channels were assembled together in one stage of modulation.
FIG - Basic Group Arrangement
FIG - Channel Translating Equipment
Prove the equations using the Boolean algebraic theorems that is given below A‾BC + AB‾C + ABC‾+ ABC = AB + BC + AC Ans. The equation given is A‾BC + AB‾C + ABC‾+ ABC = AB + BC +
Binary number system is most common for computer due to two stable states of its components. However unfortunately this isn't a very natural system for us as we deal with decimal n
Explain difference between macro call and macro expansion. Macro expansion: While a macro name is used along with a set of actual parameters this is replaced through a code g
Explain the term- Looking at existing paperwork This allows analyst to see how paper files are kept and look at operating instructions and check accounts, training manuals etc
What is ASP.NET Authentication Providers and IIS Security? ASP.NET implements authentication using authentication providers, which are code modules that verify credentials and
. NET is Compile Time OR RunTime Environment? .Net's framework has CLS,CTS and CLR.CTS checks declaration of types at the time when u write code and CLS explains some rules a
give sample prepaired software?
Define system space. Management routines are part of the operating system of the computer. It is suitable to assemble the OS routines into a virtual address space.
Determine the Framed data including a parity bit For illustration when even parity is chosen, parity bit is transmitted with a value of 0 if the number of preceding
Every input line of combinational circuit represents a specific element of the string let's say xi and every output line results in the form of a sorted list. In order to get the a
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