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Explain data independence ?
Data independence is the capacity to modify the schema at one stage of a database system without having to change the schema at the further level. The three-schema architecture permits the feature of data independence. Data independence occurs since while the schema is changed at a few level, the schema at the further level remains unchanged; only the mapping among the two levels is changed.
A Relation Schema represented by R(A1, A2, ..., An) is made up of the relation name the list of attributes and R Ai that it contains. A relation is described as a set of tuples
Define Query Processing Query processing is the process of selecting the best plan or strategy to be employed in responding to a database request. The plan is then executed to
a) Distinguish between ‘database' and ‘Database Management Systems (DBMS)'. b) List and briefly describe five potential benefits of the database approach compared to conventio
Which component is not included in database environment ? A users component is not included in database environment.
Define the concept of aggregation. Give two examples where this concept is useful. Ans: Aggregation transforms a relationship among the objects into a higher-level object. A
What is a hash index? A hash index organizes the search keys, with their associated pointers, into a hash file structure.
(a) Explain briefly the three parts of a relational Model. (b) Contrast the following terms with an appropriate example: (i) stored attribute v/s derived attribute (ii) en
The Concurrent Transactions Almost every commercial DBMS support multi-user environment. Therefore, allowing multiple transactions to proceed concurrently. The DBMS must make
Define object-relational systems? Systems that give object-oriented extensions to relational systems are known as object-relational systems.
comparison of oracle RDBMS with MySQL
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