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Explain data independence ?
Data independence is the capacity to modify the schema at one stage of a database system without having to change the schema at the further level. The three-schema architecture permits the feature of data independence. Data independence occurs since while the schema is changed at a few level, the schema at the further level remains unchanged; only the mapping among the two levels is changed.
Accessing information about permissions to all users- Object level permissions: With the use of data dictionary you can see the permissions to user. Let us get the table name fro
(a) Provide the description of the following ODMG schema in the Object Definition Language (ODL). (b) Based on the above object database, write the following queries i
Define Database layer? The database layer defines the data formats used in the database.
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Describe log based recovery The most usably structure for recording data base modification is the LOG the log is a sequence of log records recording all the update activities i
Define and differentiate between ordered indexing and hashing. Ans: Ordered indexing: To gain fast random access to records in a file, we can make of an index structure. Every
Events4Fun is an event management company in Europe with branches in South America as well. The company is well-known for its efficiency, good-quality services, and affordable char
Define the terms 1) physical schema 2) logical schema. Physical schema: The physical schema explains the database design at the physical level, which is the lowest level of abs
Question: (a) What are the challenges in the development of Large Scale Distributed Real Systems? (b) What is backward engineering and forward engineering in a design packa
Which database level is closest to the users? External database level is closest to the users.
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