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Explain data independence ?
Data independence is the capacity to modify the schema at one stage of a database system without having to change the schema at the further level. The three-schema architecture permits the feature of data independence. Data independence occurs since while the schema is changed at a few level, the schema at the further level remains unchanged; only the mapping among the two levels is changed.
Describe in brief about DBMS ?
Q. Explain the terms key constraints participation constraints and mapping caradinalities in ER model. Participation Constraints : The participation of an entity set E i
What is conceptual schema? The schemas at the view level are known as subschema that describe dissimilar views of the database.
Defining Internal Classes and Operations When we enlarge algorithms, new classes can be added to the store intermediate results. A complex operation could be looked at, as a c
Describe the various types of Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) tools and briefly discuss how the support common analytical operations.
Describe Parameteric end users? Parametric end users might be given update access, but are commonly not permitted to change the structure of data.
Control Files : The redo and control files logs support the rest of the architecture. Every database must have at least one control file, although you have more than one to guard
What is meant by computing the closure of a set of functional dependency? The closure of F denoted by F + is the set of functional dependencies logically implied by F.
Relationship between Security and Integrity: Database security usually refers to access, while database integrity refers to avoidance of accidental loss of consistency. But usually
what is meant semantic query optimization? how does it differ from other query optimization techniques?
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