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Explain data independence ?
Data independence is the capacity to modify the schema at one stage of a database system without having to change the schema at the further level. The three-schema architecture permits the feature of data independence. Data independence occurs since while the schema is changed at a few level, the schema at the further level remains unchanged; only the mapping among the two levels is changed.
Before defines the second type of integrity constraint, viz., Entity Integrity, we should be well-known with the concept of NULL. Mostly, NULL is intended as a basis for dealing
Determine the Strong and Weak Entity Based on the method of foreign key, there might be arise a situation when we have to relate an entity having a primary key of its own and a
What is E-R model? This data model is based on real world that having of basic objects called entities and of relationship between these objects. Entities are explained in a da
An entity set that does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is called? An entity set that doesn't have sufficient attribute to form a primary key is known as w
Load sample data into the database tables design and test queries to return the following information • All rows and columns for employees • All rows and columns for customers •
Describe the Association: Design Before we describe association design let us define association "Association is set of links between two objects in the object model". It is
Extend your CREATE TABLE statement from problem 3 with referential integrity constraints. Updates and deletes on related rows are restricted. 6. From examination of the sample data
a) Suppose we updated the catalog tables in real time, that is, after every update, insert, or delete SQL statement were executed-rather than only running RUNSTATS once every few
What is data definition language? Explain it in detail? The SQL DDL allows specification of not only a set of relations, but also information after each relation, containing
Using your cache simulator and using smalltex.din as your memory trace determine the total miss rate, compulsory miss rate, capacity miss rate, and conflict miss rate for the follo
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