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Explain data independence ?
Data independence is the capacity to modify the schema at one stage of a database system without having to change the schema at the further level. The three-schema architecture permits the feature of data independence. Data independence occurs since while the schema is changed at a few level, the schema at the further level remains unchanged; only the mapping among the two levels is changed.
Need for Client Server Computing- Client/Server (C/S) architecture includes running the application on multiple machines in which every machine with its component software tackles
Identification of concurrency Identification of concurrency: Dynamic model identifies concurrency. Two objects are said to be parallel (concurrent) if they can receive events a
What is substitutability? Any method of a class-say A can equally well be adjured with any object belonging to any subclasses B of A. This characteristic leads to code reuse, a
Briefly describe the different kinds of users of a DBMS. Ans: Different sorts of DBMS users are: (a) Software Engineers: These are the people accountable for developing ap
Winfield is a small city with a population of 22,000 with buses serves three routes in Winfield and neighboring areas. As the city’s IT director, you have been asked to set up an i
Mixed fragmentation: Sometimes, horizontal fragmentation or vertical fragmentation of a database schema by itself is insufficient to sufficiently distribute the data for some appli
The clause in SQL which specifies that the query result should be sorted in ascending or descending order based upon the values of one or much more columns is Ans : Order by
Discuss the differences among the candidate keys and the primary key of a relation. Give instance to describe your answer? A candidate key is one that can be used as primary ke
Consider the E/R schema with weak entity sets shown below. Come up with the SQL CREATE TABLE statements (with appropriate primary key, unique and foreign key constraints). Include
What is Relational DBMS This is our subject of study. A DBMS is relational if the data is organized into relations, that is, tables. In RDBMS, all data are kept in the well-kno
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