Explain chlorine residuals, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Explain Chlorine Residuals

Free Chlorine Residuals: Cl2, HOCl, OCl-  

Combined Chlorine Residuals: Chloramines (mono, di and tri chloramines)

The disinfecting ability of chloramines is much lower than that of free chlorine.

Satisfactory results can be obtained if a free chlorine residual of 0.2 to 0.5 mg/L can be maintained in the distribution system. Also if approved by health authorities  combined chlorine residuals in the range of 1 to 2 mg/L should maintained at distant points in the distribution system.    

 Trihalomethanes (the following) which are formed as a result of chlorination are harmful and this must be avoided.

CHCl3 trichloromethane (chloroform)

CHBrCl2  bromodichloromethane

CHBr2Cl dibromochloromethane

CHBr3   tribromomethane (bromoform)


Related Discussions:- Explain chlorine residuals

What is partial prestressing, What is Partial Prestressing It is a form...

What is Partial Prestressing It is a form of prestressing in which tensile stresses are permitted, upto a limited extent, in concrete under working loads. As the permitted tens

Chain survey, Instruments used in chain survey

Instruments used in chain survey

Soil structure, what is soil structure and types of soil structure?

what is soil structure and types of soil structure?

One-way pre stressing vs two-way pre stressing, Q. One-way pre stressing vs...

Q. One-way pre stressing vs two-way pre stressing? At the time of pre-stressing operation at one end, frictional losses will take place and the prestressing force decreases alo

Define the limitations of shock transmission unit, Define the Limitations o...

Define the Limitations of shock transmission unit? STUs are not intended for energy/shock absorption. They simply transmit load from one part of the structure to another thus s

How double drainage occur, The loading period for a building extended from ...

The loading period for a building extended from Feb., 1957 to Feb., 1959. In Feb., 1962, the average measured settlement was found to be 117 mm. The ultimate settlement was expecte

Concrete mix design for Volumetric site mix, Please advise what is the prop...

Please advise what is the proportion of mix to achieve 45N/sq. mm compressive strength with 370Kg.SR cement per cubic meter and 35N/Sq.mm strength with OPC cement 330 kg per cubic

Concrete structure, which section is most effective for a design of beam an...

which section is most effective for a design of beam and why

How to calculate the vertical stress, A rectangular foundation, 2 m × 4 m, ...

A rectangular foundation, 2 m × 4 m, transmits a uniform pressure of 450 kN/m 2 to the underlying soil. Verify the vertical stress at a depth of 1 metre below the foundation at a

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd