Explain chlorine residuals, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Explain Chlorine Residuals

Free Chlorine Residuals: Cl2, HOCl, OCl-  

Combined Chlorine Residuals: Chloramines (mono, di and tri chloramines)

The disinfecting ability of chloramines is much lower than that of free chlorine.

Satisfactory results can be obtained if a free chlorine residual of 0.2 to 0.5 mg/L can be maintained in the distribution system. Also if approved by health authorities  combined chlorine residuals in the range of 1 to 2 mg/L should maintained at distant points in the distribution system.    

 Trihalomethanes (the following) which are formed as a result of chlorination are harmful and this must be avoided.

CHCl3 trichloromethane (chloroform)

CHBrCl2  bromodichloromethane

CHBr2Cl dibromochloromethane

CHBr3   tribromomethane (bromoform)


Related Discussions:- Explain chlorine residuals

Explain the operating point - pumping system, Explain the Operating Point -...

Explain the Operating Point - Pumping System Intersection of the characteristic curve and the system curve. This is the head and flow rate data for the pump "operation". The op

Formation of pedestrian level winds around buildings, Q. Formation of pedes...

Q. Formation of pedestrian level winds around buildings? When a building blocks the wind blowing across it, part of the wind will escape over the top of the building. Some will

What is raft foundation, Q. What is Raft Foundation? A raft or mat is c...

Q. What is Raft Foundation? A raft or mat is combined footing that covers the entire area beneath a structure and supports all the walls and coloumn when the allowable soil pre

Determine the in-situ dry unit weight, Q. The following observations were r...

Q. The following observations were recorded in a Field density determination by sand-replacement method: Volume of Calibrating can = 1000 cm3 Weight of empty can = 10 N We

Relation of the angle of contact between pipe invert, Relation of the angle...

Relation of the angle of contact between pipe invert and bedding material to the load resisting capacity of pipe Minimum crushing strength is a generally adopted parameter for

Bond breaker for joint sealant, Joint sealant must be designed and construc...

Joint sealant must be designed and constructed to allow free extension and compression during the opening and closure of joints. In case joint sealants are attached to joint filler

Theory of structures, haw do you salve a supple supported beam with a sprin...

haw do you salve a supple supported beam with a spring balance

Bituminous concrete, Bituminous Concrete: Bituminous Concrete (BC) is...

Bituminous Concrete: Bituminous Concrete (BC) is a hot-mix superior type of bituminous surfacing, having a low voids (3-5 per cent), good durability high imperviousness and g

Levelling, important terms used in levelling

important terms used in levelling

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd