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Data Independence
This brings us to our next topic: data independence. It is the property of the database which tries to make sure that if we make any change in any level of schema of the database, the schema instantly above it would need minimal or no need of change.
What is Functional Dependency? A Functional dependency is shown by X Y among two sets of attributes X and Y that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple
Database design Database tables will be created for you on the Technology web server. The schema will be as follows. Please note that this is a simplified database structure, d
The advantages of a database management system (DBMS) include :- Data integrity and elimination of duplication.
Order by clause By using this rows can be sorted It is used in the last portion of select statement By default it gets ascending order DESC: is used
Explain the rules for creating a labelled precedence graph for testing view serializability. Ans: A schedule S is view serializable if it is view equivalent to a ser
Read the description below and draw an Entity-Relationship diagram for it. You must use the symbols described in the course materials. This database will help the Parents Assocc
What is storage manager? A storage manager is a program module that gives the interface among the low level data keeps in a database and the application programs and queries su
Explain how the associations are implemented as classes. A general approach in this case is to transform an association class into a simple class linked to two original classes
Differance between procedural and non procedural DML? Procedural and non procedural DML Procedural DML exactly what data is require and how to obtain those data. Non procedural
Explain Clustering file organization (i) Determine if a record of file is physically ordered on a nonkey field - that does not comprise a different value for each record - that
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