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Data Independence
This brings us to our next topic: data independence. It is the property of the database which tries to make sure that if we make any change in any level of schema of the database, the schema instantly above it would need minimal or no need of change.
Implementation of association as an object Implement as a separate association object, independent of either class, as in Figure. An association object is a group of pairs
Heap files (unordered file) Mostly these files are unordered files. It is the easiest and most basic type. These files having of randomly ordered records. The records will have
Related fields in a database are grouped in which form? Related data fields in a database are grouped to form a data record. (A record is a collection of related fields)
Do NOT use the timestamp type. Use separate date and time data types only. Figure out how to define an SQL insert statement that uses built-in SQL (or MySQL) functions to define
Example: //REVOKE ALL ON EMP FROM MCA12; (All permissions will be cancelled) You can also cancel only some of the permissions. Drop: A user-
Types Of Indexes One of the words used during the file organisation is the term index. In this part, let us describe this term in more detail. We find the index of keywords
Special comparison operator used in where Clause a. between. ...and...It gives range among two values (inclusive) Example: SELECT ENAME, SAL FROM EMP WHERE SAL BETWE
Question: This form represents one of a number used for each sailing of a range of boats. A passenger may go on many sailings and will have the same passenger number for each.
A database administrator''s responsibilities and data contents
need to get answer for questions 3&4 on this page in part 1
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