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Data Independence
This brings us to our next topic: data independence. It is the property of the database which tries to make sure that if we make any change in any level of schema of the database, the schema instantly above it would need minimal or no need of change.
Which element in the database can modified by changing the data dictionary? Data elements in the database can be changed or modified through changing the data dictionary.
What does the extract statement do in extract datasets? The data is written to virtual memory by extract commands.
Which of the operations constitute a basic set of operations for manipulating relational data? Relational algebra operations constitute a basic set of operations for manipulati
Normalize the given relation to 3NF, justifying each step
Increased overheads on update : On the drawbacks side, it will need the system to ensure that all replicas of a relation are consistent. This shows that all the replicas of the rel
Define raid? Briefly explain it? A range of disk organization methods, collectively called redundant arrays of independent disks (RAID) o Improvement of reliability throug
Single-Valued Dependencies A database is a collection of related information and it is therefore inevitable that some items of information in the database would depend on some
Define functional and multivalued dependencies. Ans: A functional dependency is a assets of the semantics of the attributes in a relation. The semantics point out how at
If R1 and R2 are two relations or functions, then the result of R3 = R1 × R2 is the combination of tuples that are in R1 and R2. The product is associative and commutative. Degr
what is the importance of back up files
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