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Data Independence
This brings us to our next topic: data independence. It is the property of the database which tries to make sure that if we make any change in any level of schema of the database, the schema instantly above it would need minimal or no need of change.
Heap files (unordered file) Mostly these files are unordered files. It is the easiest and most basic type. These files having of randomly ordered records. The records will have
System error :These contain errors in database system or the OS, example, deadlocks.Such errors are fairly hard to detect and need reprogramming the erroneous components of the sys
Define Boyce codd normal form A relation schema R is in BCNF with respect to a set F of functional dependencies if, for all functional dependencies in F + of the form.α ->β.
Distributed Database Management System
Creating a view: A query can be embedded within the CREATE VIEW STATEMENT A query can have complex select statements containing join, groups and sub- queries A quer
For this application, we will consider IBM DB2 catalog data (i.e., metadata) for IBM's enterprise-class servers running the z/OS (formerly OS/390 or MVS) operating system. One of
What is recursion? Is it possible for a stored procedure to call itself or recursive stored procedure? How many levels of SP nesting is possible? Recursion is method of proble
Describe analysis of access paths To describe analysis of access paths, consider an example of the design of a company's employee skills database. A part of the object model fr
What is system log? What are the entries? Ans: The system log that is generally written on stable storage contains the redundant data required to recover from volatile
Define the terms i) Key attribute ii) Value set Key attribute: An entity type usually has an attribute whose values are exact from each individual entity in the collection. Su
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