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Data Independence
This brings us to our next topic: data independence. It is the property of the database which tries to make sure that if we make any change in any level of schema of the database, the schema instantly above it would need minimal or no need of change.
Differentiate between Key and superkey? Key and superkey - A key a single attribute or a combination of two or more attributes of an entity set in which is used to identify o
Explain the term- Query. Queries are used to repossess and show specific records in a table. They can also be used to show specific fields of specific records, which meet the co
Benefits and limitations
The State of Newyork certifies firefighters throughout state keep track all of them, as well as the state’s of fire departments. Each fire department has unique department number
Mappings between Levels and Data Independence The 3 levels of abstraction in the database do not exist separately of each other. There must be some correspondence, or mapping
What is serializability? Explain its types? The data base system must control concurrent implementation of transactions, to ensure that the data base state remains consistent.
Explain nested relations? Nested relations The assumption of INF is a natural one in the bank examples we have considered. However, not all applications are best modelled
how to calculate frequency count of algorithm
Explain the two types of participation constraint. Total: The participation of an entity set E in a relationship set R is said to be total if each entity in E participates i
I have a small project that contains 3 deliverable s. I have done the first one and I would like you to help me with second one
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