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Data Independence
This brings us to our next topic: data independence. It is the property of the database which tries to make sure that if we make any change in any level of schema of the database, the schema instantly above it would need minimal or no need of change.
What are the requirements to ensure the objectives of file management principle is realized?
Views in relational algebra: 1. Basic expression contains either a) A relation in the database. b) A constant relation. 2. General expressions are madde out of sma
For the relations R and S given below: R S A B C 1 4 7 2 5 8 3 6 9
What are called index-sequential files? The files that are ordered sequentially with a primary index on the search key are known as index-sequential files
Draw an Entity-Relationship model for the relational schema given in the Appendix. Show all the entities, relationships, relationship names, and attributes and also underline the
Explain outer join? Outer Join - If there are any values in one table which do not have corresponding value(s) in the other, in an equi-join which will not be chosen. Such ro
Briefly explain each of the following database terms. Use no more than 2-3 lines for each term. 1. DBMS 2. Update Anomaly 3. Alias (referring to tables in SQL queries)
Explain Derived and Non-Derived Attribute? In few cases, two or more attribute values are related, for instance, Age and BirthDate attributes of a person. For specific person e
what is natural join?
Q. Explain data aggregatio n and discuss different design constraints. Sol. Aggregation One limitation of the E-R model is that it cannot express relationships amon
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