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Basic concepts
When a process is to be changed in, the pager guesses which pages will be used before the process is changed out again. Instead of swapping in a entire process, the pager brings only those essential pages into memory. The valid-invalid bit scheme can be used to distinguish among pages that are in memory and those pages that are on the disk. Access to a page marked unacceptable causes a page-default trap. This trap is the result of the operating system's failure to bring the needed page into memory.
File structure Certain files must conform to a needed structure that is understood by the operating system. The operating system may consist that an executable file has a parti
The producer-consumermodel above has a standard human analogy of an assembly line. Humans have specialized skills, however, whereas threads running the same program do not need to
Q. Explain about Spooling? Acronym for simultaneous peripheral operations on line. Spooling denotes to putting jobs in a buffer, a special area in memory or on a disk where
Q. Why is rotational latency typically not considered in disk scheduling? How would you alter SSTF, SCAN and C-SCAN to comprise latency optimization? Answer: Most disks don't
Referring to Figure below, discuss how you would alter the circuit to obtain: 1. a straightforward amplifier with gain 1, 2. a straightforward amplifier with gain 10, 3. a
A- In a table format, compare between Programmed I/O, Interrupt -driven I/O, and Direct Memory Access (DMA) in terms of basic idea, Advantages, disadvantages, and the operating en
Q. In some systems a subdirectory is able to be read and written by an authorized user just as ordinary files can be. a. Explain the protection problems that could arise. b.
Enhanced second-chance algorithm. When we increase the second-chance algorithm by considering both the reference bit and the modify bit as an order pair. We have the following
With software algorithms for mutual exclusion, such as Dekker's algorithm, Peterson's algorithm, or Lamport's bakery algorithm, note that optimizing compilers and out-of-order exec
Optimal page replacement An optimal page replacement algorithm has the least page fault rate of all algorithms. The algorithm states that a 'replace the page that will not be
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