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EXIT-WHENThe EXIT-WHEN statement permits a loop to complete conditionally. Whenever the EXIT statement is encountered, the condition in the WHEN clause is computed. When the condition is true, the loop completes and controls the passes to the next statement after the loop. An illustration is as shown below:LOOPFETCH c1 INTO...EXIT WHEN c1%NOTFOUND; -- exit loop if condition is true...END LOOP;CLOSE c1;Until the condition is true, the loop cannot complete. Thus, a statement inside the loop should change the value of the condition. In the last illustration, if the FETCH statement returns a row, then the condition is false. When the FETCH statement fails to return a row, then the condition is true, the loop completes, and then control passes to the CLOSE statement. The EXIT-WHEN statement replaces a simple IF statement. For illustration, compare the following statements as:IF count > 100 THEN | EXIT WHEN count > 100;EXIT; |END IF; |These statements are logically equal, but the EXIT-WHEN statement is easier to understand and read.
Parameter SELF in pl/sql The MEMBER methods recognize a built-in parameter named SELF that is an instance of the object type. Whether declared explicitly or implicitly, it is
Authorisations - Privileges As relational theory is silent on the issue of authorisation, it offers nothing with which SQL's vast edifice in support of what it calls privilege
Example of Cast Operator So long as CAST is used as shown, we could obtain the total marks for each exam in similar fashion, using SUM (Mark) AS TotalMarks. However, this giv
DBMS: The answer to this question is of course given in of the theory book. This book is concerned with SQL DBMSs and SQL databases in particular. Soon we will be looking a
Methods: In normal, a method is a subprogram declared in an object type specification using the keyword MEMBER or STATIC. The method cannot have similar name as the object typ
Using Subqueries A subquery is a query (typically enclosed by parentheses) that appears within another SQL data manipulation statement. If evaluated, the subquery gives a va
SQL Functions The PL/SQL uses all the SQL functions involving the following aggregate functions that summarize the whole columns of the Oracle data: GROUPING, AVG, COUNT, STDDE
Using a join on 3 tables, select 5 columns and 10 rows from the 3 tables without the use of a Cartesian product Query: SELECT E.LAST_NAME, E.FIRST_NAME, S.BUILDING, S.BRAN
Procedures The procedure is a subprogram which performs a specific action. You write procedures using the syntax as shown below: PROCEDURE name [(parameter[, parameter, .
Quantification in SQL To quantify something, as the theory book has it, is to state its quantity, to say how many of it there are. For example, in Tutorial D the expression CO
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