What is the Evolution of migration, Biology

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Evolution of migration

Benefits associated with migratory flights must be greater than those associated with staying in Alaska and having to tolerate seasonal changes.
Selective advantage linked to evolution of migration e.g. reduction in competition; improved environmental conditions; greater reproductive success must have resulted from selection for migration.
Evolution of migration is linked to the improved survival of the species, despite the energy requirements of the migratory journey.
Consideration of such factors as range expansion due to competition and / or changing environmental conditions, increased breeding success at fringes of range (but return to seasonal feeding grounds during non-breeding season), or accidental, eg blown off course.
Increasing selection for those birds that possessed physiological responses to environmental cues for migration, eg birds that depart before food availability, photoperiod or temperatures decrease.
Similar pressures at new destination forced migratory populations / birds back to origin.
May have occurred when landmasses were joined / closer together, flight distances shorter, staging sites more frequent. Continental drift then selected those best adapted for longer flights.

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