Estimation of discharge, Civil Engineering

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Estimation of Discharge:

The estimation of discharge of a stream is necessary for determining the waterway, clearance and foundation details. Discharge is estimated from :

(a) empirical formula, and

(b) rational formula.

There are several empirical formula for estimation of discharge. Dicken's formula, given below is commonly adopted.

Q = CM3/4

where  Q = Discharge in cu m/sec,

M = Catchment area in sq. km,

C = A constant with the following values :

C = 11-14 where the annual rainfall is 60-120cm

= 14-19 in Madhya Pradesh

= 22 in Western Ghats.

The rational formula, given below, requires the intensity of rainfall.

Q = 0.028 PAIC

where  Q = Discharge in cum per sec.,

P = Coefficient of run-off for the catchment, having values of

0.10-0.90 depending upon porosity of the surface,

A = Catchment area in hectares, and

Ic = Critical intensity of rainfall in cm per hour.


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