Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Esophageal obstruction
It is also known as choke. It may be acute or chronic and is characterized by inability to swallow, regurgitation and bloat.
Etiology: Obstruction may be due to potatoes, watermelon, turnips, oranges and apples. Large gelatin capsule may also lodge in the esophageal region. The enlargement of cervical and mediastinal lymphnodes due to abscessation or pulmonary tuberculosis results in obstruction. Traumatic rupture of abscesses during treatment may also lead to esophageal obstruction. Esophageal paralysis and stenosis cause obstruction.
Clinical signs: Animal stops eating suddenly and is restless. There is regurgitation of food, salivation and coughing. Complete obstruction in ruminants leads to accumulation of gas in the rumen leading to tympany. Ruminal movements are continuous and forceful.
Laboratory diagnosis: Laboratory investigations are not much helpful in the diagnosis. However, radiological examination may indicate the site of obstruction or stenosis.
Diagnosis: Esophageal obstruction may be mistaken for esophagitis. The later is mostly accompanied by stomatitis or pharyngitis. Stomach tube may be passed to locate the site of obstruction.
Treatment: In acute cases, sedation of the animal is essential before any other treatment. Atropine sulphate can be given to relax the spasms. Food and water may be withheld till the obstruction is cleared.
Pericardial Valves: Carpentier Edwards (Perimount Valve) : Pericardium preserved in gluteraldehyde and mounted on flexible stent is available for mitral and aortic positions
Digestion of Proteins The proteolytic enzymes secreted by gastric juice, pancreatic juice and intestinal juice cause the hydrolysis of proteins in the gastrointestinal tra
general Characters
Typhoid Typhoid vaccine is recommended for travellers to developing countries in Central and South America, Africa and Asia, especially if they plan a long stay or may be livi
Bovine parainfluenza This virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae of family Paramyxoviridae. It causes respiratory syndrome in cattle and shee
how is an increase in glucose concentration controlled in the human body?
Define Probability concept of requirements vs risk of deficient and excess intake? Figure best illustrates the concept of a requirement for an essential nutrient. The relations
Respiration Robert Boyel and Robert Hook first of all explained the meaning of respiration. Main aim of respiration is to liberate energy in the form of A.T.P. Oxidati
Phases of Respiration in Animals The procedures of respiration in these animals have the following phases. i) External respiration is usually described as breathing. It inv
type study of polystomella
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd